%%% blat 70 energy fundamentals % % %! (C:\\windows\\desktop\\gonzo\\gonzo.ps) run % use external gonzo %%%%%%%%%%%% PHOTO INSERTS %%%%%%%%%% % When photos are needed, they are inserted here. Comment out otherwise. % no photos in this blat /pixfilename1 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01a.jpg) def /pixfilename2 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01b.jpg) def /pixfilename3 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01c.jpg) def /pixfilename4 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01d.jpg) def /pixfilename5 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01e.jpg) def /pixfilename6 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01f.jpg) def /pixfilename7 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01g.jpg) def /pixfilename8 (F:\\newblatmuse\\stepprep\\cab4-01h.jpg) def %%%%%%%%%%%%% /trystone true def % name of textfile: blat 70 marcia sep oct 2002 % .... %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % This .GPS (Guru PostScript) file DEMANDS the persistant download % of GONZO15A.PTL #517 and GUTIL13A.PTL #280. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % statusdict begin % statusdict /setduplexmode known {true setduplexmode} if % end systemdict /setstrokeadjust known {true setstrokeadjust} if %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % modified nextcol allows pages without text and deferred xpos calcs. /nextcol { numpgcol 0 gt { curpage curcol get aload pop exec /txtwide exch def exec /ylimit exch def exec /ypos exch def exec /xpos exch def /curcol curcol 1 add def}{ nextpage} ifelse} def %%%%%% doembeddedproc executes |/name installdoembeddedproc links it /doembeddedproc {mark 50 {stringmode {getstringchar}{currentfile read} ifelse not {exit} if dup dup dup 32 eq exch 13 eq or exch 10 eq or {pop exit} if} repeat counttomark dup string /pstr1 exch def 1 sub -1 0 {pstr1 3 1 roll exch put} for pstr1 exch pop cvx exec} def /installdoembeddedproc {gonzo begin commands (/) 0 get {doembeddedproc} put end} def installdoembeddedproc %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % ------ COMMAND SUMMARY --------- % Note that "|" is used as a printable escape command below % |0 - drop cap font |1 - main text font |2 - text italics % |3 - heading font |4 - text caps font |5 - txt ital. caps % |6 - txt bold caps |8 - special font |= - symbol font % |a - start drop cap |b - indent drop text |c - start header % |d - finish header |k - kern -1 point |j - kern +1 point % |h - half linefeed |y - neg linefeed |C - center justify % |Z - column rule |x - enter PostScript |F - fill justify % \261 - em dash \274 elipsis ... %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % MIDNIGHT ENGINEERING TEMPLATE CORE ps.util.1 begin % here to simplify debug printerror nuisance begin systemdict /setstrokeadjust known {true setstrokeadjust} if /boxgrays 0.94 def % color of box fills. Use 1.0 for white 0.94 for gray % blackflash % This default gonzo page making template is a useful starting point for % creating your own custom templates. It allows multiple page documents % with full picture insertions and total text control. % Note that any template MUST have an internal proc named templatestartup % and that your template MUST NOT call gonzofont before run time. 300 dict /midnightdoc exch def midnightdoc begin /templatefonts { % Remember: all fonts MUST defer till run time! /font0 /StoneSans-Bold [33 10 add 0 0 40.1 0 -23] gonzofont % temp "I" /font1 /StoneSerif 8.38 gonzofont /font2 /StoneSerif [ 7.95 0 1.10 8.38 0 0 ] gonzofont /font3 /StoneSans-Bold [9.25 0 0 9.25 0 -8] gonzofont % old /font4 /StoneSerif 8.15 gonzofont /font5 /StoneSerif [ 8.12 0 1.1 8.12 0 0 ] gonzofont /font6 /StoneSerif-Bold [8.5 0 0 8.5 0 -5] gonzofont /font7 /StoneSans-Bold 7.9 gonzofont /font8 /Benguiat-Bold [22 0 0 24 0 0] gonzofont /font9 /Benguiat-Bold [14 0 0 14 0 0] gonzofont /font= /Symbol 9.75 gonzofont /font: /Times-Bold 9.75 gonzofont /font- /ZapfDingbats [9 0 0 9.01 0 -.7] gonzofont } def trystone not { /templatefonts { % Remember: all fonts MUST defer till run time! /font0 /Helvetica-Bold [45 10 add 0 0 40.1 0 -23] gonzofont /font1 /Times-Roman 9.75 gonzofont /font2 /Times-Italic 9.75 gonzofont /font3 /Helvetica-Bold [10 0 0 10.05 0 -8] gonzofont % old /font4 /Times-Roman 9.25 gonzofont /font5 /Times-Italic 9.25 gonzofont /font6 /Times-Bold [9 0 0 9.1 0 -6] gonzofont /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9.5 gonzofont /font8 /Benguiat-Bold [22 0 0 24 0 0] gonzofont /font9 /Benguiat-Bold [14 0 0 14 0 0] gonzofont /font= /Symbol 9.75 gonzofont /font: /Times-Bold 9.75 gonzofont /font- /ZapfDingbats [9 0 0 9.01 0 -.7] gonzofont } def } if % values used by gonzo justify ... /cstretch 0.15 def % minimum character kerning /sstretch 0 def % minimum space kerning /dropcount 3 def % number of lines drop cap drops /lastlinestretch 0.04 def % open last paragraph line slightly /pm 10 def % use paragraph indents /yinc 11 def % line spacing /ypara yinc 2 div def % extra interparagraph spacing /ypara 0 def % but not here % These macros handle an initial drop cap and low center subheads ... /amacro {(zyL0) stringmacro /ypos ypos ypara add def} def % start drop cap /bmacro {(iFy1) stringmacro /ypos ypos ypara add def} def % finish drop cap /cmacro {0.25 setgray (znyL3) stringmacro /ypos % was font3 ypos ypara 2 mul add def} def % centered title /cmacro {0.25 setgray (znhL6) stringmacro /ypos % was font3 ypos ypara 2 mul add def /ypos ypos 2 sub store } def % centered title /dmacro {black (pF1hz) stringmacro /ypos ypos ypara 2 mul add def /ypos ypos 2 add store} def % normal text after centered title % reference values for internal doc control that become calculated % array values. Note that it is best to work in fixed yinc heights % to prevent alignment problems under figures. Note that it is nearly % always best to AVOID FIXED VALUES IN DOCMATRIX. % set screen here or comment out for stock gray 106 45 {dup mul exch dup mul add 1.0 exch sub} setscreen /showboxgrays true def % show grays in boxes and figs? /txw 242 def % width of normal text columns /cmb 60 def % column bottom position /cmt cmb 62 1 sub yinc mul add .1 add def % page is 63 normal text lines high /cml 60 def % first column left margin /cms 260 def % spacing of normal columns /cm# 2 def % number of normal columns /cm1 cml def % c1 starts at left margin /cm2 cml cms add def % c2 in middle /cm3 cml cms 2 mul add def % c3 to right /cmw cms txw sub def % white space between columns /hdw cms txw add def % normal header/footer width /hdc cm1 hdw 2 div add def % normal header/footer center /hdr cm1 hdw add def % normal header/footer right /hdl cm1 def % normal header left /fdp 28 def % amount of footer drop below cml /bh1 yinc 13 mul def % 12 vlines reserved for title & blurb /rwd 0.50 def % width of rules /rlt {cmt 12 add} def % adjusted vrule top /rlb {cmb 7 sub} def % adjusted vrule bottom /rl1 {cm2 cmw 2 div sub} def % center rules /stdfigrad 4 def % radius of standard figure box /1colwide txw def % width of single column figure /2colwide txw cms add def % width of double column figure /3colwide txw cms 2 mul add def % width of triple column figure /f1h yinc 9 mul def % height of figure one % sidebar /f2h yinc 25 mul def % temp tower figures /f3h yinc 22 mul def % temp tower figures /f2h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /f3h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /f4h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /f5h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /f6h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /f7h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /f8h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /f9h yinc 25 mul def % image box height /pix1h yinc 21 mul def % steplock picture /pix2h yinc 21 mul def % steplock picture /pix3h yinc 21 mul def % steplock picture /pix4h yinc 21 mul def % steplock picture /s1h yinc 20 mul def % height of figure two /fig1 {cm1 cmt f1h sub 1colwide f1h yinc add true true /f1name /figure1 grayfig2r} def % link resource sidebar % now muse art /fig2 {cm1 cmt f2h sub 2colwide f2h yinc add true true /f2name /figure2 stdfig} def % link %%%grayfig2i /fig3 {cm1 cmt f3h sub 2colwide f3h yinc add true true /f3name /figure3 grayfig2i} def % link /fig4 {cm1 cmb yinc sub 2colwide f4h yinc add true true /f4name /figure4 grayfig2i} def % link /fig5 {cm1 cmt f5h sub 2colwide f5h yinc add true true /f5name /figure5 grayfig2i} def % link /fig6 {cm1 cmb yinc sub 2colwide f6h yinc add true true /f6name /figure6 grayfig2i} def % link /fig7 {cm1 cmt f7h sub 2colwide f7h yinc add true true /f7name /figure7 grayfig2i} def % link /fig8 {cm1 cmb yinc sub 2colwide f8h yinc add true true /f8name /figure8 grayfig2i} def % link /fig9 {cm1 cmt f9h sub 2colwide f9h yinc add true true /f9name /figure9 grayfig2i} def % link % /fig3 {cm2 cmt f2h sub 1colwide f3h yinc add true % true /f3name /figure3 grayfig2} def % link /side1 {cm1 cmt s1h sub 5 add 3colwide s1h true false /s1name /sidebar1 stdfig} def % link /pix1 {cm1 cmt pix1h sub 1colwide pix1h yinc add true true /pix1name /picture1 stdfigx} def % link pix /pix2 {cm2 cmt pix2h sub 1colwide pix2h yinc add true true /pix1name /picture2 stdfigx} def % link pix /pix3 {cm1 cmt pix3h sub 1colwide pix3h yinc add true true /pix3name /picture3 stdfigx} def % link pix /pix4 {cm2 cmt pix4h sub 1colwide pix4h yinc add true true /pix1name /picture4 stdfigx} def % link pix % this is an experimental pull /pull1 [ cm2 70 sub % left position cmb 8 yinc mul add % bottom position 1 index 204 add % width in points 1 index 9 yinc mul add % top position (|3I've yet to find any product whose main purpose is to let end users attractively hold |j|j|jpapers |j|j|jtogether.) % message NOT USED THIS COLUMN ] def /pull1top {pull1 3 get} def /pull1bot {pull1 1 get 0.1 add yinc sub} def % requires column [ cm1 pullleftset etc.. /pull1leftset {pull1 3 get yinc sub pull1 1 get yinc sub pull1 0 get 3 index sub} def /pull1rightset { pull1 2 get exch pull1 3 get yinc sub exch pull1 1 get yinc sub exch pull1 2 get sub txw add} def % this is an experimental "standard" pull for MIDENG... /stdpull {aload pop save /pullsnap exch def /msg exch def 6 sub /pt exch def 6 sub /pr exch def 0 add /pb exch def 6 add /pl exch def newpath pl pb moveto pl pt lineto pr pt lineto pr pb lineto closepath gsave 1 setgray 8 setlinewidth stroke grestore gsave showboxgrays {0.94}{0} ifelse setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke /sstretch 0.8 def /cstretch 0.2 def /font1 /Helvetica-Bold 12.5 gonzofont /font2 /Helvetica-Bold 11.5 gonzofont font1 /yinc 15 def /ylimit -9999 def pl dup pr sub 2 div neg add pt 28 sub msg cc pullsnap restore} def % this is a "standard" figure border for MIDENG. It has rounded edges, % a bottom single line title, and links to the actual figure art... /stdfig { /jsave justx 4 get def save /stdsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /figproc exch def cvx /figname exch def /showtitle exch def /showborder exch def /figheight exch def /figwidth exch def translate showborder {1 5 figwidth 2 sub figheight 15 sub stdfigrad roundbox gsave showboxgrays {0.94}{0} ifelse setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke } if /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9 gonzofont showtitle {figwidth 2 div 12 font7 figname cc} if /bw figwidth def /bt figheight def /bl 0 def /bb 0 def /bc figwidth 2 div def /xpos 20 def /ypos bt 20 sub def /cstretch 0 def /sstretch 0 def /lastlinestretch 0 def /pmrun 0 def /ypara 0 def /linestring linestring2 def % needed to run interference 3 1 roll translate dup scale mark figproc cvx exec cleartomark stdsnap restore justx 4 jsave put } def %%%%%%%%%%%% grayfig2 adapted from MUSE %%%% % has a title box /grayfig2rad 0.01 def /showboxgrays true def /grayfig2 { /jsave justx 4 get def save /stdsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /figproc exch def cvx /figname exch def /showtitle exch def /showborder exch def /figheight exch def /figwidth exch def exch narrowfig 2 div add exch % set left position translate /figwidth figwidth narrowfig sub store showborder {1 2 figwidth 2 sub %%% narrowfig 2 div add figheight 5 sub grayfig2rad roundbox 0.4 figheight 28 sub moveto figwidth 1.8 sub 0 rlineto gsave showboxgrays {mastergray setgray}{1 setgray} ifelse fill grestore gsave newpath 0 figheight 5 sub moveto figwidth 1.8 sub 0 rlineto 0 -23 rlineto figwidth 1.8 sub neg 0 rlineto closepath grayshade dup 1 ne {0.20 sub pop 0.33} if setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke } if /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9 0.7 add gonzofont showtitle {black white % 0.25 setgray figwidth 2 div figheight 20 sub 0.5 sub font7 figname cc black} if /bw figwidth def /bt figheight def /bl 0 def /bb 0 def /bc figwidth 2 div def /xpos 20 def /ypos bt 20 sub def /cstretch 0 def /sstretch 0 def /lastlinestretch 0 def /pmrun 0 def /ypara 0 def /linestring linestring2 def 3 1 roll translate dup dup /csf exch def scale mark figproc cvx exec cleartomark stdsnap restore justx 4 jsave put } def %%% %%%%%%%%%%%% grayfig2r adapted from MUSE - just rectangular %%%% % has a title box /grayfig2rad 0.0001 def /showboxgrays true def /narrowfig 0 store /grayfig2r { /jsave justx 4 get def save /stdsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /figproc exch def cvx /figname exch def /showtitle exch def /showborder exch def /figheight exch def /figwidth exch def exch narrowfig 2 div add exch % set left position translate /figwidth figwidth narrowfig sub store showborder {1 2 figwidth 2 sub %%% narrowfig 2 div add figheight 5 sub grayfig2rad roundbox 0.4 figheight 28 sub moveto figwidth 1.8 sub 0 rlineto gsave showboxgrays {mastergray setgray 0.88 setgray }{1 setgray} ifelse fill grestore gsave newpath 0 figheight 5 sub moveto figwidth 1.8 sub 0 rlineto 0 -23 rlineto figwidth 1.8 sub neg 0 rlineto closepath grayshade dup 1 ne {0.15 sub pop 0.33} if setgray % this is dark title fill grestore % [2 0 1 1] superstroke line1 stroke } if /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9.3 gonzofont showtitle {black white % 0.25 setgray figwidth 2 div figheight 20 sub 0.5 sub font7 figname cc black} if /bw figwidth def /bt figheight def /bl 0 def /bb 0 def /bc figwidth 2 div def /xpos 20 def /ypos bt 20 sub def /cstretch 0 def /sstretch 0 def /lastlinestretch 0 def /pmrun 0 def /ypara 0 def /linestring linestring2 def 3 1 roll translate dup dup /csf exch def scale mark figproc cvx exec cleartomark stdsnap restore justx 4 jsave put } def %%% %%%%%%%%%% % stdfigx just lets the artwork do its thing after translation /stdfigx { /jsave justx 4 get def save /stdsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /figproc exch def cvx /figname exch def /showtitle exch def /showborder exch def /figheight exch def /figwidth exch def translate {showborder {1 5 figwidth 2 sub figheight 15 sub stdfigrad roundbox gsave showboxgrays {0.94}{0} ifelse setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke } if } pop /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9 gonzofont {showtitle {figwidth 2 div 12 font7 figname cc} if /bw figwidth def /bt figheight def /bl 0 def /bb 0 def /bc figwidth 2 div def /xpos 20 def /ypos bt 20 sub def /cstretch 0 def /sstretch 0 def /lastlinestretch 0 def /pmrun 0 def /ypara 0 def} pop /linestring linestring2 def % needed to run interference 3 1 roll translate dup scale mark figproc cvx exec cleartomark stdsnap restore justx 4 jsave put } def %%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % grayfig two has a title box (modified for reverse) %%%%%% try a hold %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% warning: modified below /grayfig2 { /jsave justx 4 get def save /stdsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /figproc exch def cvx /figname exch def /showtitle exch def /showborder exch def 2 add % temp for blat 25 /figheight exch def 20 sub /figwidth exch def translate showborder {1 10 add 5 10.4 figheight 33 sub moveto figwidth 0.8 sub 0 rlineto figwidth 2 sub figheight 15 sub stdfigrad roundbox % gsave showboxgrays {grayshade}{1} ifelse setgray fill grestore gsave white fill grestore % temp gray box, white top gsave newpath 0 0 moveto 0 figheight 38 sub rlineto figwidth 2 sub 0 rlineto 0 figheight 38 sub neg rlineto closepath 0.33 setgray setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke } if /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9 gonzofont trystone { /cstretch 0.5 store /font7 /StoneSans-Bold 9 gonzofont} if showtitle {white figwidth 2 div figheight 31 sub font7 figname cc black} if /bw figwidth def /bt figheight def /bl 0 def /bb 0 def /bc figwidth 2 div def /xpos 20 def /ypos bt 20 sub def /cstretch 0 def /sstretch 0 def /lastlinestretch 0 def /pmrun 0 def /ypara 0 def /linestring linestring2 def % needed to run interference 3 1 roll translate dup scale mark figproc cvx exec cleartomark stdsnap restore justx 4 jsave put } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Here is the master document control matrix. It is manual in this example % Note that the result of internal calcs are ORDINARY NUMBERS. Note also % that you make room for figures by adding or subtracting only where and % as needed. /docmatrix [ [ { } { } { } ] % initial document files [ [{leftfooter} {fullheader} {cm1 cmt bh1 sub titleblock} {rl1 rlb rlt bh1 sub yinc 2 mul sub rwd vrule} % {pull1 stdpull} ] % page one figures and control % no stdpull this time % [ cm1 cmt bh1 sub pull1top txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide % [ cm1 pull1leftset] % [ cm1 pull1bot cmb txw] % [ cm2 cmt bh1 sub pull1top txw] % column2 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide % [ cm2 pull1rightset] % [ cm2 pull1bot cmb txw] % adjusted for double title [ cm1 cmt bh1 sub yinc 2 mul sub cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt bh1 sub yinc 2 mul sub cmb txw] % column2 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] % start page two [ [{aqua} {rightfooter} {fullheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} % {0 0 1 fig2} % {0 0 0.8 pix1} %{0 0 0.8 pix2} ] % page two figures and control % [ cm1 cmt f2h sub yinc sub cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt cmb txw] % column2 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] /coladj {yinc 21 mul pop 0 add} def % start page three [ [{aqua} {leftfooter} {fullheader} % {0 -6 0.8 fig1} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} % {0 0 0.8 pix3} % {0 0 0.8 pix4} %{0 0 1 fig3} %{0 0 1 fig4} % {rl1 rlb f2h add 5 add rlt f2h sub yinc sub rwd vrule} ] % page three figures and control % [ cm1 cmt f1h sub yinc sub cmb txw] [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] [ cm2 cmt cmb txw] % column2 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] % start page four [ [{aqua} {leftfooter} {fullheader} % {0 -6 0.8 fig1} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} % {0 0 0.8 pix3} % {0 0 0.8 pix4} %{0 0 1 fig5} %{0 0 1 fig6} % {rl1 rlb f2h add 5 add rlt f2h sub yinc sub rwd vrule} ] % page three figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] [ cm2 cmt cmb txw] % column2 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] % start page five [ [{aqua} {leftfooter} {fullheader} % {0 -6 0.8 fig1} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} % {0 0 0.8 pix3} % {0 0 0.8 pix4} %{0 0 1 fig7} %{0 0 1 fig8} % {rl1 rlb f2h add 5 add rlt f2h sub yinc sub rwd vrule} ] % page three figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] [ cm2 cmt cmb txw] % column2 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] % start page six [ [{aqua} {rightfooter} {fullheader} % {rl1 rlb rlt f2h sub yinc sub rwd vrule} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} %{0 0 1 fig9} % {0 0 0.8 pix1} %{0 0 0.8 pix2} ] % page two figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt cmb txw] % column2 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] /coladj {yinc 21 mul pop 0 add} def [ [{aqua} {rightfooter} {fullheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} ] % page four figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] [ [{leftfooter} {fullheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} ] % page four figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] [ [{rightfooter} {rightheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} ] % page five figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt f2h sub yinc sub cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] [ [{rightfooter} {rightheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} ] % page five figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt f2h sub yinc sub cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] [ [{rightfooter} {rightheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} ] % page five figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt f2h sub yinc sub cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] [ [{rightfooter} {rightheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} ] % page five figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt f2h sub yinc sub cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] [ [{rightfooter} {rightheader} {rl1 rlb rlt rwd vrule} ] % page five figures and control [ cm1 cmt cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide [ cm2 cmt f2h sub yinc sub cmb txw] % column1 xpos ypos ylimit txtwide ] [ {exit (quit)} ] % final document wrapup % NOTE: will not execute with short copy! ] def /nextpage { showpage adjustpage /pagenum pagenum 1 add def docpage numpages lt { /docpage docpage 1 add def docmatrix docpage get /curpage exch def curpage length 1 sub /numpgcol exch def curpage 0 get {cvx exec} forall /curcol 1 def nextcol} {docmatrix curpage 1 add get {cvx exec} forall } ifelse } def /nextcol { curpage curcol get aload pop /txtwide exch def /ylimit exch def /ypos exch def /xpos exch def /curcol curcol 1 add def } def /colcheck { ypos ylimit le { curcol numpgcol gt {nextpage} {nextcol} ifelse} if } def /templatestartup { templatefonts font1 /gonzojust true def /rslashok true def docmatrix length /numpages exch def /docpage 1 def docmatrix 0 get {cvx exec} forall % do initial document files docmatrix docpage get /curpage exch def curpage length 1 sub /numpgcol exch def curpage 0 get {cvx exec} forall % do initial page files /curcol 1 def nextcol } def end % simpledoc template %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%% MIDNIGHT 35 TEXT STARTS HERE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % //// demo - remove or alter before reuse //// % ps.util.1 begin % blurb uses my utilities % printerror % nuisance begin gonzo begin % be sure to start gonzo first! /dropindent 38 def % indent for drop cap CHANGE BELOW /pubname (Blatant |jOpportunist) def % for footers /issuename (October, 2002) def % for footers /titlename (S|ko|km|ke |j|jEn|kergy\nFun|kd|kam|ken|kt|kals) def % the title /blatnum (7|k|k|k1) def % for blurb /pagenum 1 def % first printed page number % this can give you oversize copies for camera ready use /makeitbig false def % big is 150 percent /printbottomhalf true def % only used if 1.5 scale /adjustpage { makeitbig {landscape printbottomhalf {0 -20 translate} {0 -550 translate} ifelse 1.333 dup scale}if} def adjustpage % roundbox draws a box path with rounded corners and locks you to the % lower lefthand box corner using this format ... % -xpos- -ypos- -yheight- -cornerrad- roundbox % (this will become a part of the utilities) /roundbox {gsave /rad exch def /bt exch def /br exch def /bb exch def /bl exch def bl bb translate rad mark br 2 div 0 0 0 0 bt br bt br 0 br 2 div 0] roundpath} def %% INCLUDED FILES (blurbs, figures, pulls, rules, footers, etc..) % vrule gives a fixed vertical rule, inputting xpos ystart yend linewidth /vrule {gsave newpath setlinewidth 2 index 4 2 roll moveto exch lineto 0 setgray stroke grestore} def % hrule gives a fixed horizontal rule, inputting ypos xstart xend linewidth /hrule {gsave newpath setlinewidth 1 index 4 2 roll moveto lineto 0 setgray stroke grestore} def % titleblock straddles all three columns at top of first page % blatlogo here /blatlogo {save /blsave exch def translate 5 dup scale /cstretch .05 def /sstretch 0.7 def /font; /Revue [2.6 0 0 2.6 0 0] gonzofont /font: /Revue [5 0 0 6 0 0] gonzofont /kern -0.1 def 1 [10 0 0 0 0 9 20 9 20 0 10 0] roundpath gsave boxgrays setgray fill grestore [0.9 0 0.7 1 0.55 0] superinsidestroke gsave -0.45 0 translate 1 [25 0 20 0 20 9 30 9 30 0 25 0] roundpath gsave boxgrays setgray fill grestore [0.9 0 0.7 1 0.55 0] superinsidestroke grestore /yinc 3 def font; 10 5 (the |j|jblatant opportunist) cc font: 24.55 2 blatnum cc blsave restore } def /titleblock { save /tbsnap exch def translate /ylimit -9999 def /txtwide 1000 def 340 10 yinc 2 add % temporary upshift mul 3 add blatlogo /cstretch 0.2 def /sstretch 0.2 def /font1 /Helvetica-Bold 11 gonzofont trystone {/font1 /StoneSans-Bold 11 gonzofont} if font1 412 102 yinc 2 mul add % temp upshift 5 sub (by Don Lancaster) cc /cstretch 0.05 def /sstretch 0.05 def /font2 /Helvetica-Bold 47 gonzofont trystone {/font2 /StoneSans-Bold [43.6 0 0 45 0 0] gonzofont} if /yinc 50 def % temp for two %%% 0 87 18 sub 22 sub % 24 add % temp shift two lines 0 87 18 sub 22 sub % 24 add % temp shift two lines when active titlename cl tbsnap restore } def % mergestr is a tool useful for page numbers; evenutally it will go % into the nuisance dictionary /mergestr {2 copy length exch length add string dup dup 4 3 roll 4 index length exch putinterval 3 1 roll exch 0 exch putinterval} def % fullheader is stripe across top. /fullheader {save /hdrsnap exch def cml cmt 21 add moveto 2 setlinewidth hdw 0 rlineto stroke hdrsnap restore} def % leftheader is left column stripe /leftheader {save /hdrsnap exch def cml cmt 21 add moveto 2 setlinewidth txw 0 rlineto stroke hdrsnap restore} def % rightheader is right column stripe /rightheader {save /hdrsnap exch def cml hdw add cmt 21 add moveto 2 setlinewidth txw neg 0 rlineto stroke hdrsnap restore} def % left footer has left, center, and right elements for the left pages /leftfooter {save /footsnap exch def /colcheck {} def font7 hdc cmb fdp sub pubname cc hdl cmb fdp sub issuename cl hdr cmb fdp sub pagenum ( ) cvs cr footsnap restore} def % right footer does the same for right pages; headers would work the same /rightfooter {save /footsnap exch def /colcheck {} def font7 hdc cmb fdp sub (Blatant |jOpportunist) cc hdr cmb fdp sub issuename cr hdl cmb fdp sub pagenum ( ) cvs cl footsnap restore} def % this is a simple horizontal rule that tracks text position ... /Zmacro {xpos ypos 2 add xpos txw add 4 add 0.5 hrule} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%% FIGURES START HERE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /trackfig1R {save /tracksnap exch store /linestring linestring2 def % needed to run interference /ylimit -9999 def /colbot -9999 def /ybot -9999 def gsave xpos 1 sub ypos yinc 14.5 mul sub 1 add translate figure1R grestore tracksnap restore /ypos ypos yinc 15 mul sub store } def /figure1R { % name of textfile: muse.fig.152.1 energy densities % ............................ save /snap1 exch def electronics begin 8 0 translate % position in box -85 -26 10 setgrid % 30 30 showgrid /cstretch 0.02 def /sstretch 0.0 def /kern 0.1 def /yinc 1.1 def /font0 /Helvetica-Bold [1 0 0 1 0 -0.2] gonzofont /font1 /Helvetica 0.85 gonzofont /font4 /Helvetica 0.7 gonzofont /font3 /Helvetica-Bold 0.90 gonzofont /font2 /Helvetica-Oblique 0.75 gonzofont /font5 /Helvetica-Bold [2 0 0 1.4 0 0] gonzofont /font6 /Helvetica [2 0 0 1.4 0 0] gonzofont /font7 /Helvetica [0.6 0 0 0.6 0 -.3] gonzofont /font8 /Symbol 0.9 gonzofont /font6 /Symbol 0.75 gonzofont /font3 /StoneSans-Bold 0.9 gonzofont /font: /Helvetica [0.75 0 0 0.75 0 .4] gonzofont /tabs [8 14 ] def aqua 8 1.5 16 add mt 2 pu 23.5 pr 2 pd closepath grayshade 0.35 sub setgray fill 8 1.5 mt 16 pu 19 pr 16 pd closepath grayshade setgray fill 17 1.5 mt 16 pu 14.5 pr 16 pd closepath grayshade dup 1 ne {0.15 sub} if setgray fill black font3 0.25 setgray 18.5 18.3 ( ENERGY |j|jDENSITY |j|jCOMPARISONS ) cc black font1 10 16 (Gasoline |t9000 Wh/l |t13,500 Wh/Kg LNG |t7216 Wh/l |t12,100 Wh/Kg Propane |t6600 Wh/l |t13,900 Wh/Kg Ethanol |t6100 WH/l |t7,850 Wh/Kg Liquid H2 |t2600 Wh/l |t39,000* Wh/Kg 150 Bar H2 |t405 WH/l |t39,000* Wh/Kg |h Lithium |t250 Wh/l |t350 Wh/Kg Flywheel |t210 Wh/l |t120 Wh/Kg Liquid N2 |t65 Wh/l |t55 Wh/Kg Lead Acid |t40 Wh/l |t25 Wh/Kg Compr Air |t17 Wh/l |t34 Wh/Kg STP H2 |t2.7 Wh/l |t39,000* Wh/Kg |h |t|t|: *|j=|juncontained ) cl end ypos snap1 restore /ypos exch def } def /figure1 { /title ( ) def /figscale 0.8 def % makes position size independent /cstretch 0.1 def /sstretch 0.1 def /font2{/Helvetica-Bold findfont [9 0 0 9 0 0 ] makefont setfont}def /font7 {/Helvetica-Bold findfont [6 0 0 6 0 0] makefont setfont} def /font8 {/Helvetica findfont [8 0 0 8 0 0] makefont setfont} def font2 bc bt 25 sub 2 add % ( ) % use stdfig title below instead ( ) cc /amacro {/ypos ypos squash add def} def /bmacro {/yhold ypos def /ypos ytopoflist def /xpos xpos columnspacing add def /ypos ypos yinc add def} def /squash 0.8 def % default /squash -2.5 def /yinc 9 def /colspacing 85 def /font7 {/Helvetica findfont [8 0 0 8 0 0] makefont setfont} def /font8 {/Helvetica-Bold findfont [8 0 0 8 0 0] makefont setfont} def /font1 {/Helvetica findfont [8 0 0 8 0 0] makefont setfont} def % bee patch /font2 {/Helvetica-Bold findfont [8 0 0 8 0 0] makefont setfont} def /xpos bl 28 add def /ypos bt 52 sub def /ytopoflist ypos figscale div def /columnspacing 116 def xpos figscale div ypos figscale div % (|8Adobe Acrobat|7 % 1585 Charleston Rd % Mountain View CA 94039 % (800) 833-6687 % |a % ) cl {{ (|2Adobe Acrobat System|1 1585 Charleston Rd Mountain View CA 94039 (800) 833-6687 |/surl |2www.adobe.com|1|/adobe |a |2Arcata ImageViewer|1 600 F Street Arcata CA 95521 (800) 822-9085 |/surl |2www.arcatapet.com|/arcata |a |2Auction Advisory|1 Box 61104 Phoenix 85082 (602) 994-4512 |/surl |2www.auctionadvisory.com|/auctionadvmag |a |2eBay|1 2005 Hamilton Ave, Ste 350 San Jose CA 95125 |/surl |2www.ebay.com|1|/ebay |a |2eBay Magazine|1 700 E. State St. Iola, WI 54990 (715) 445-4087 |/surl |2http://www.krause.com|/ebaymag |b |2 Ipswitch, Inc |1 81 Hartwell Ave Lexington MA 02421 (781) 676-5700 |/surl |2http://www.ipswitch.com|/ipswitch |a |2Levy-Latham|1 6263 N. Scottsdale Rd #371 Scottsdale, Arizona 85250 (480) 367-1100 |/surl |2http://www.levylatham.com|/levylat |a |2Synergetics|1 Box 809 Thatcher AZ 85552 (928) 428-4073 |/surl |2www.tinaja.com|1|/tinaja |a |2Test Equipment Connection|1 525 Technology Park Lake Mary FL 32746 (800) 615-8378 |/surl |2www.4testequipment.com|/tec |a |2WebTrends|1 621 SW Morrison #1025 Portland OR 97205 (502) 294-7025 |/surl |2www.webtrends.com|1|/webtrends |a )cl }} pop /font9 {/Helvetica findfont [9 0 0 9 0 0] makefont setfont} def font9 % /yinc 14 def /yinc yinc 1.9 add def % temp adjust /up3 {/ypos ypos -7 add store} def % gsave % xpos 108 add 69 sub ytopoflist 187 sub 15 add mt 135 pr 93 pd % 135 pl closepath grayshade 0.10 sub setgray fill grestore % xpos 108 add ytopoflist 187 sub % (|8RECOMMENDED WEB SITES % |h|7|/up3 % |/surl www.amazon.com|/amazon % |/surl www.keynet.net/~lindsay|/lindsay % |/surl www.patent.womplex.ibm.com|/patent.womplex.ibm % |/surl www.tinaja.com/patnt01.html|/patnt01 % |/surl www.mediafinder.com|/mediafinder % ) cc {{ /tabs [75] def (|7address finder |/surl |t|8bigfoot.com |/bigfoot |7address finder |/surl |t|8www.drebes.com|/drebes |7address finder |/surl |t|8www.infospace.com |/infospace |7address finder |/surl |t|8www.whowhere.com |/whowhere |7book locator |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/amlink01.html|/amlink01 |7consulting net |/surl |t|8net www.tinaja.com/consul01.html|/consul01 |h |7electronic data |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/eeweb01.html|/eeweb01 |7ezine & zines |/surl |t|8www.factsheet5.com|/factsheet5 |7ezine directory |/surl |t|8www.meer.net/~johnl/e-zine-list|/meer |7ezine directory |/surl |t|8www.dominis.com/Zines|/dominis |7ezine directory |/surl |t|8www.edoc.com/ejurnal|/ejournal |7faq library |/surl |t|8www.faqlib.com|/faq |h |7infopacks |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/info1.html|/info01 |7manufacturers |/surl |t|8www.thomasregister.com|/thomas |7maps |/surl |t|8www.mapquest.com/map|/mapquest |7newsgroup finder |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/text/newslist.html|/newslist |7newsletter index |/surl |t|8www.NeoSoft.com/internet/paml|/paml |7newsgroup search |/surl |t|8web3.dejanews.com|/deja |h |7search tutorials |/surl |t|8www.searchenginewatch.com|/watch |7search engine |/surl |t|8www.altavista.digital.com|/alta |7search engine |/surl |t|8www.hotbot.com|/hotbot |7search engine |/surl |t|8www.inference.com/infind|/infer |7search engine |/surl |t|8www.wp.com/resch/search.htm|/wpsearch |7patent stash |/surl |t|8patent.womplex.ibm.com|/patent |h |7patents |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/patnt01.html|/patnt01 |7phone numbers |/surl |t|8www.lookupusa.com|/lookup |7phone numbers |/surl |t|8www.switchboard.com|/switchboard |7resource help |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/resbn01.html|/resbn01 |7technical info |/surl |t|8techweb.cmp.com/eet|/techweb |7tech info |/surl |t|8news:sci.electronics.design|/scieldes |h |7techical info |/surl |t|8www.questlink.com|/quest |7technical ventures |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/ismm01.html |/ismm01 |7toll free phones |/surl |t|8att.net/dir800|/bell800 |7trade journals |/surl |t|8www.mediafinder.com|/oxbridge |7useful web links |/surl |t|8www.tinaja.com/webwb01.html|/webwb01 |7zip code info |/surl |t|8www.usps.gov/ncsc|/zipcode ) cl }} pop /font3 /Helvetica-BoldOblique 9.5 gonzofont font3 /yinc 13 1 sub def /yposhh ypos def /amacro {/xpos xpos 284 add store /ypos yposhh 50 add store} def /bmacro {/yinc yinc 2.12 add store} def % 0.9 dup scale % TEMP COMPRESS /txtwide 1000 store % temp no cr xpos -15 add ypos 31 add (|1Jacek Artymiak, |/surl |3Data Visualization on the Web with SVG|1|/book1 |1Andrew Watt, |/surl |3Designing SVG Web Graphics|1|/book2 |1Jon Ferraiolo, |/surl |3Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.0 Spec|1|/book3 |1David Eisenberg, |/surl |3SVG Essentials|1|/book4 |1Micah Laaker, |/surl |3Teach Yourself Svg in 24 Hours|1|/book5 |h |1For more book info: |/surl |3www.tinaja.com/amlink01.html|/amlink01 ) cl } def %%%% Image figure reference stash goes here /jpegimageproc { % name of textfile: namehere % ............................ % figure 2 % save /snap2 exch def -5 -2 translate % adjust position in box % -30 -30 translate %%%% temporary clip check /infilename exch store % grab passed pix file /vpixels exch store /hpixels exch store translate % adjust position for final figure ??? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 8 15 translate % position on box electronics begin /DeviceRGB setcolorspace % pick color model 3 -6 translate % set page position hpixels vpixels scale % magnify unit square 1 dup scale /infile infilename (r) file def % establish input read file /Data {infile /DCTDecode filter} def % define a data source << % start image dicationary /ImageType 1 % always one /Width hpixels % JPEG width in pixels /Height vpixels % JPEG height in pixels /ImageMatrix [hpixels 0 0 vpixels neg 0 vpixels ] /DataSource Data % proc to get filtered JPEG /BitsPerComponent 8 % color resolution /Decode [0 1 0 1 0 1] % per red book 4.10 >> image % call the image operator end ypos snap2 restore /ypos exch def } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /figure2 {0 0 466 235 pixfilename1 jpegimageproc} def % image link /figure3 {0 0 466 235 pixfilename2 jpegimageproc} def % image link /figure4 {0 0 466 235 pixfilename3 jpegimageproc} def % image link /figure5 {0 0 466 235 pixfilename4 jpegimageproc} def % image link /figure6 {0 0 466 235 pixfilename5 jpegimageproc} def % image link /figure7 {0 0 466 235 pixfilename6 jpegimageproc} def % image link /figure8 {0 0 466 235 pixfilename7 jpegimageproc} def % image link /figure9 {35 38 395 159 pixfilename8 jpegimageproc} def % image link %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % /figure3 {save /f1snap exch def % f1snap restore} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /adjpix {-16 1 translate 0.835 dup scale} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /picture1 {save /f1psnap exch def adjpix /ylimit -9999 def /colbot -9999 def /ybot -9999 def /showpage {} def (E:\\Medocs-E\\Blat\\steplock\\pixn24.psl) run f1psnap restore} def /picture2 {save /f2psnap exch def adjpix /ylimit -9999 def /colbot -9999 def /ybot -9999 def /showpage {} def (E:\\Medocs-E\\Blat\\steplock\\pixe24.psl) run f2psnap restore} def /picture4 {save /f4psnap exch def adjpix /ylimit -9999 def /colbot -9999 def /ybot -9999 def /showpage {} def (E:\\Medocs-E\\Blat\\steplock\\pixd24.psl) run f4psnap restore} def /picture3 {save /f3psnap exch def adjpix /ylimit -9999 def /colbot -9999 def /ybot -9999 def /showpage {} def (E:\\Medocs-E\\Blat\\steplock\\pixp24.psl) run f3psnap restore} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /sidebar1 {} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % This is a titling and tracking box used for the figures.. /ttheight 20 yinc mul def /ttwidth 240 def /ttrad 3 def /ttbox {/ttmsg exch def /ylimit -9999 def /colbot -9999 def /ybot -9999 def xpos txtwide ttwidth sub 2 div add ypos ttheight sub 2 add 10 setgrid 0 ttheight 10 div 1.5 sub 0.5 sub moveto ttwidth 10 div 0 rlineto 0 0 ttwidth 10 div ttheight 10 div ttrad 10 div roundbox gsave 0.33 setgray fill grestore % temp whitebox, gray top gsave newpath 0 0 moveto 0 ttheight 10 div 1.5 sub 0.5 sub rlineto ttwidth 10 div 0 rlineto 0 ttheight 10 div 1.5 sub 0.5 sub neg rlineto closepath white fill grestore [0.2 0 0.1 1] superstroke % 14 8 showgrid /cstretch 0.02 def /sstretch 0.02 def /font1 /Helvetica-Bold 0.85 gonzofont font1 white ttwidth 10 div 2 div ttheight 10 div 1.3 sub ttmsg cc black } def /makeroom {/ypos ypos ttheight sub yinc 0 mul sub def} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /twobrain.cut {save /cutsnap exch def % name of textfile: PostScript to flutterwumper interface % ............................ electronics begin (POSTSCRIPT DRIVEN FLUTTERWUMPER) ttbox % bl -10 add bb -60 add 10 setgrid % 30 40 showgrid -0.5 -4.6 translate 0.75 dup scale /cstretch 0.015 def /sstretch 0.07 def /font1 /Helvetica 0.85 gonzofont /font2 /Helvetica-Bold 0.75 gonzofont % bold /font3 /Helvetica 0.75 gonzofont /yinc 0.85 def gsave 10 20 translate line1 5 6 mt 11 r [{5 5 mt 1 u} 0.5 23] xrpt line2 5 5 mt 5 u 11 r 5 d 11 l 1.5 [14 8 4 8 4 11 14 11] roundpath closepath gsave white fill grestore stroke font1 10.5 6.8 (PostScript laser printer) cc grestore %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % stamp box gsave 0 2 translate line2 4 15.5 mt 4 r 4.5 u 4 l 4.5 d font1 6 18 (PIC Micro) cc grestore %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % lasercomm line1 15 27.35 mt 10 l 2.15 d 6.5 r 4.2 d 3.5 l 4.5 26.7 mt darrow 15 27.6 mt 10.5 l 3.8 d 6.5 r 2.3 d 3 l 5 26.7 mt uarrow /box2.54 {gsave translate line1 0 0 mt 2.5 u 4 r 2.5 d 4 l grestore} def % flutter %%%%%%%%%%%% gsave 0 -5 translate line2 13 13 mt 13.5 u 15 r 13.5 d 15 l line1 8 25.5 mt 3 r 0.75 d 3 rx 8 25 mt 2.5 r 1.25 d 3.5 rx 8 24.5 mt 2 r 2.75 d 4 rx 8 24 mt 1.5 r 3.25 d 4.5 rx 8 23.5 mt 1 r 5.25 d 5 rx 8 23 mt 0.5 r 7.75 d 5.5 rx 11.4 15.25 mt larrow 12.3 18.25 mt rarrow 12.3 20.75 mt rarrow 12.3 21.75 mt rarrow 12.3 23.75 mt rarrow 12.3 24.75 mt rarrow [{14 14 box2.54} 3 4] yrpt font3 16 24.5 (x-axis stepper) cc 16 21.5(y-axis stepper) cc 16 18.5 (pen up/down) cc 16 15.5 (home sensor) cc /yinc 1.1 def /kern 0.1 def font1 23 24.6 (Custom vinyl cutter, wood|j routing, milling|k|k machine, animation stand, awards engraver, embroidery|j|j setup, circuit|j board|j drilling, Santa|k Claus|k machine, etc. etc. etc\274) cc grestore %%%%%%%%%%%% font3 8 13.8 11.7 add (task feedback) cc 8 12.3 11.8 add (task commands) cc 12.7 26.5 (serial port) cc font1 20.5 22.2 (HOMEBREW FLUTTERWUMPER) cc cutsnap restore makeroom } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /schmidtcut {save /cutsnap exch def cutsnap restore makeroom } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /vortexcut {save /cutsnap exch def cutsnap restore makeroom } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /hposccut {save /cutsnap exch def cutsnap restore makeroom } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /duracellcut {save /cutsnap exch def cutsnap restore makeroom } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /ne2cut {save /cutsnap exch def cutsnap restore makeroom } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /f1name (SOME |j|jRECOMMENDED |j|jSVG |j|jBOOKS |j|j) def /f2name (A |j|jTYPICAL |j|jTRAM |j|jTOWER) def /f3name (THE |j|jTRAM |j|jCAR |j|jOR |j|j"CARRIER") def /f2name (FIG 1 \320 RAW SCANNED IMAGE READY TO POST PROCESS) def /f3name (FIG 2 \320 BACKGROUND AND MAIN WIRE BODY CREATED) def /f4name (FIG 3 \320 BRAID COPIED AND ROOM MADE FOR NEW BRAID) def /f5name (FIG 4 \320 BRAID EDGE DETAILED AND RELETTERING BEGUN) def /f6name (FIG 5 \320 BACKGROUND EXTENDED AND BRAID COMPLETED) def /f7name (FIG 6 \320 SHIELD COPIED AND NEWLY STRANDED WIRES REPLACED) def /f8name (FIG 7 \320 NEW SHIELD REPOSITIONED AND KNOCKOUT FINISHED) def /f9name (FIG 8 \320 CROP, (ROTATE), (RESIZE), BRIGHTEN, SHARPEN, AND JPEG) def /s1name (No name used) def /pix1name { } def % for steplock /pix2name { } def /pix3name { } def /pix4name { } def %% patches for internet %%%% %%%%% TEMPORARY TINTER %%%% makes gray a blue tint error under .11 setgray /setgray {/gvalue exch store % .12360 = .11/.89 gvalue 0 eq {0 0 0 setrgbcolor} if gvalue 1 eq {1 1 1 setrgbcolor} if gvalue 0 gt gvalue 1 lt and {gvalue 1 gvalue sub 0.12360 mul sub dup 1 setrgbcolor} if } bind def %%%%%%%%%%%% BLAT WEB PATCHES %%%%%%%%%% % Beige tinter /setgray {dup 0.731 ge { 1 exch dup .41 mul .30 sub .11 div setrgbcolor} {.856 div dup 1.155 mul exch 1.155 div 0 setrgbcolor} ifelse} def /showgrays true store /boxgrays 0.94 def /leftfooter {save /footsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9.5 gonzofont font7 trystone { /font7 /StoneSans-Bold 8.5 gonzofont} if font7 hdc cmb fdp sub pubname cc hdl cmb fdp sub issuename cl hdr cmb fdp sub blatnum (.) mergestr pagenum ( ) cvs mergestr cr /txtwide 1000 store /font3 /Helvetica 4.5 gonzofont font3 hdc cmb fdp sub 14 sub (Copyright c 2002 by Don Lancaster and Synergetics (928) 428-4073 www.tinaja.com \ All commercial rights and all electronic media rights fully reserved.) cc footsnap restore} def % right footer does the same for right pages; headers would work the same /rightfooter {save /footsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9.5 gonzofont trystone { /font7 /StoneSans-Bold 8.5 gonzofont} if font7 hdc cmb fdp sub (Blatant |jOpportunist) cc hdr cmb fdp sub issuename cr hdl cmb fdp sub blatnum (.) mergestr pagenum ( ) cvs mergestr cl /txtwide 1000 store /font3 /Helvetica 4.5 gonzofont font3 hdc cmb fdp sub 14 sub (Copyright c 2002 by Don Lancaster and Synergetics (928) 428-4073 \ www.tinaja.com \ All commercial rights and all electronic media rights fully reserved.) cc footsnap restore} def % blatlogo here /blatlogo {save /blsave exch def translate 5 dup scale /cstretch .05 def /sstretch 0.7 def /font; /Revue [2.6 0 0 2.6 0 0] gonzofont /font: /Revue [5 0 0 6 0 0] gonzofont /kern -0.1 def 1 [10 0 0 0 0 9 20 9 20 0 10 0] roundpath gsave boxgrays setgray fill grestore [0.9 0 0.7 1 0.55 0] superinsidestroke gsave -0.45 0 translate 1 [25 0 20 0 20 9 30 9 30 0 25 0] roundpath gsave boxgrays setgray fill grestore [0.9 0 0.7 1 0.55 0] superinsidestroke grestore /yinc 3 def font; 10 5 (the |j|jblatant opportunist) cc font: 24.55 2 blatnum cc blsave restore} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%% end blatpatch %%%% TEMPORARY Gonzo patches - makes text gray for later colorize /graytocolor 0.33 def /fornet false def /blueon {fornet {mark graytocolor /setgray cvx ] cvx % printlist only printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch}if} def /blueoff {mark 0 /setgray cvx ] cvx % printlist only printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /staygray {graytocolor setgray} def % permanant /stayblack {0 setcolor} def % permanant %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%% Blatant opportunist patches 6.0 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % February 17, 1997 % Place at end of "A" file just before IXE /wanttouseustify % COLORIZING BLACK AND WHITE POSTSCRIPT MODULE % ==================================== midnightdoc begin /boxgrays 0.92 def % Gonzo character colorizer /blueon {mark /blue cvx 0.33 /setgray cvx] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /blueoff {mark /aqua cvx 0 /setgray cvx] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /tinton {mark 0.33 /setgray cvx] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /tinton1 {mark 0.25 /setgray cvx] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /tinton1r {mark /red cvx 0.25 /setgray cvx] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /tinton1a {mark /aqua cvx 0.25 /setgray cvx] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /tintoff {mark 0 /setgray cvx] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /staytint {aqua 0.33 setgray} def /staytint1 {aqua 0.25 setgray} def /staytint1r {red 0.25 setgray} def /staytint1b {beige 0.25 setgray} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%% COMPACT VERSION OF COLORIZER II %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /settint {dup /currenttint exch store 5.999 mul dup floor cvi /&cbar exch store dup floor sub /&cwt exch store [ {/setgray [ /dup cvx 0.3 &cwt 0.59 mul add /ge cvx [1 /exch cvx &cwt 0.59 mul 0.30 add /sub cvx 1 &cwt sub 0.59 mul 0.11 add /div cvx /dup cvx 1 &cwt sub /mul cvx &cwt /add cvx /exch cvx ] cvx [ &cwt 0.59 mul 0.3 add /div cvx /dup cvx &cwt /mul cvx 0] cvx /ifelse cvx /setrgbcolor cvx] cvx /def cvx} {/setgray [/dup cvx 0.59 1 &cwt sub 0.3 mul add /ge cvx [1 &cwt sub 0.3 mul 0.59 add /sub cvx &cwt 0.3 mul 0.11 add /div cvx /dup cvx &cwt /mul cvx 1 &cwt sub /add cvx /exch cvx 1 /exch cvx] cvx [1 &cwt sub 0.3 mul 0.59 add /div cvx /dup cvx 1 &cwt sub /mul cvx /exch cvx 0] cvx /ifelse cvx /setrgbcolor cvx] cvx /def cvx} {/setgray [/dup cvx 0.59 &cwt 0.11 mul add /ge cvx [&cwt 0.11 mul 0.59 add /sub cvx 1 &cwt sub 0.11 mul 0.30 add /div cvx /dup cvx 1 &cwt sub /mul cvx &cwt /add cvx 1 /exch cvx] cvx [0 /exch cvx &cwt 0.11 mul 0.59 add /div cvx /dup cvx &cwt /mul cvx] cvx /ifelse cvx /setrgbcolor cvx] cvx /def cvx} {/setgray [/dup cvx 0.59 1 &cwt sub mul 0.11 add /ge cvx [1 &cwt sub 0.59 mul 0.11 add /sub cvx &cwt 0.59 mul 0.30 add /div cvx /dup cvx &cwt /mul cvx 1 &cwt sub /add cvx 1] cvx [0 /exch cvx 1 &cwt sub 0.59 mul 0.11 add /div cvx /dup cvx 1 &cwt sub /mul cvx /exch cvx] cvx /ifelse cvx /setrgbcolor cvx] cvx /def cvx} {/setgray [/dup cvx 0.11 &cwt 0.30 mul add /ge cvx[&cwt 0.30 mul 0.11 add /sub cvx 1 &cwt sub 0.30 mul 0.59 add /div cvx /dup cvx 1 &cwt sub /mul cvx &cwt /add cvx /exch cvx 1] cvx [ &cwt 0.30 mul 0.11 add /div cvx /dup cvx &cwt /mul cvx /exch cvx 0 /exch cvx ] cvx /ifelse cvx /setrgbcolor cvx ] cvx /def cvx} {/setgray [ /dup cvx 0.30 1 &cwt sub 0.11 mul add /ge cvx[ 1 /exch cvx 1 &cwt sub 0.11 mul 0.30 add /sub cvx &cwt 0.11 mul 0.59 add /div cvx /dup cvx &cwt /mul cvx 1 &cwt sub /add cvx ] cvx [ 1 &cwt sub 0.11 mul 0.30 add /div cvx /dup cvx 1 &cwt sub /mul cvx 0 /exch cvx] cvx /ifelse cvx /setrgbcolor cvx ] cvx /def cvx} ] &cbar get exec exec} bind def /beige {0.10 settint} def % examples of convenience operators /aqua {0.52 settint} def /blue {0.67 settint} def /lime {0.44 settint} def /red {0 settint} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% aqua % normal for blat /leftfooter {save /footsnap exch def /colcheck {} def 0.33 setgray /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9.5 gonzofont font7 trystone {/font7 /StoneSans-Bold 8.5 gonzofont} if font7 hdc cmb fdp sub pubname cc hdl cmb fdp sub issuename cl hdr cmb fdp sub blatnum (.) mergestr pagenum ( ) cvs mergestr cr /txtwide 1000 store /font3 /Helvetica 4.5 gonzofont font3 hdc cmb fdp sub 14 sub (Copyright c 2002 by Don Lancaster and Synergetics (928) 428-4073 www.tinaja.com \ All commercial rights and all electronic media rights fully reserved. Reposting expressly forbidden.) cc footsnap restore} def % right footer does the same for right pages; headers would work the same /rightfooter {save /footsnap exch def /colcheck {} def 0.33 setgray /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9.5 gonzofont font7 trystone {/font7 /StoneSans-Bold 8.5 gonzofont} if font7 hdc cmb fdp sub (Blatant Opportunist) cc hdr cmb fdp sub issuename cr hdl cmb fdp sub blatnum (.) mergestr pagenum ( ) cvs mergestr cl /txtwide 1000 store /font3 /Helvetica 4.5 gonzofont font3 hdc cmb fdp sub 14 sub (Copyright c 2002 by Don Lancaster and Synergetics (928) 428-4073 \ www.tinaja.com \ All commercial rights and all electronic media rights fully reserved. Reposting expressly forbidden.) cc footsnap restore} def % blatlogo here /blatlogo {save /blsave exch def translate 5 dup scale /cstretch .05 def /sstretch 0.7 def /font; /Revue [2.6 0 0 2.6 0 0] gonzofont /font: /Revue [5 0 0 6 0 0] gonzofont /kern -0.1 def 1 [10 0 0 0 0 9 20 9 20 0 10 0] roundpath gsave boxgrays setgray fill grestore [0.9 0.33 0.7 1 0.55 0.33] superinsidestroke gsave -0.45 0 translate 1 [25 0 20 0 20 9 30 9 30 0 25 0] roundpath gsave boxgrays setgray fill grestore [0.9 0.33 0.7 1 0.55 0.33] superinsidestroke grestore /yinc 3 def font; 10 5 (the |j|jblatant opportunist) cc font: 24.55 2 blatnum cc blsave restore} def /titleblock { save /tbsnap exch def translate 0.33 setgray /ylimit -9999 def /txtwide 1000 def 340 10 yinc 2 add % temporary upshift mul 3 add blatlogo /cstretch 0.2 def /sstretch 0.2 def /font1 /Helvetica-Bold 11 gonzofont trystone {/font1 /StoneSans-Bold 11 gonzofont} if font1 412 102 yinc 2 mul add % temp upshift 5 sub (by Don Lancaster) cc /cstretch 0.05 def /sstretch 0.05 def /font2 /Helvetica-Bold 47 gonzofont trystone {/font2 /StoneSans-Bold [43.6 0 0 45 0 0 ] gonzofont} if font2 /yinc 50 def % temp for two %%% 0 87 18 sub 22 sub % 24 add % temp shift two lines 0 87 18 sub 22 sub 24 add % temp shift two lines when active %% THIS ONE WORKS 2 copy /tity exch store /titx exch store % for title tamper titlename cl { %%% tamper with title % 0.75 settint titx 59 add tity 47 add (|/tinton b) cl titx 115 add tity 49 add (|/tinton gg) cl 0.87 settint 0.50 setgray 6 setlinewidth 0 setlinecap titx 58 add tity 11 add mt 28 r titx 116 add tity 11 add mt 58 r } pop tbsnap restore } def /amacro {(zy0) stringmacro /ypos ypos ypara add def 0.33 setgray } def % start drop cap /bmacro {(iFy1) stringmacro /ypos ypos ypara add def black} def % finish drop cap /vrule {gsave 0.33 setgray newpath setlinewidth 2 index 4 2 roll moveto exch lineto 0.33 setgray stroke grestore} def % hrule gives a fixed horizontal rule, inputting ypos xstart xend linewidth /hrule {gsave 0.33 setgray newpath setlinewidth 1 index 4 2 roll moveto lineto 0.33 setgray stroke grestore} def /fullheader {save /hdrsnap exch def 0.33 setgray cml cmt 21 add moveto 2 setlinewidth hdw 0 rlineto stroke hdrsnap restore} def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % grayfig two has a title box (modified for reverse) /grayfig2 { /jsave justx 4 get def save /stdsnap exch def /colcheck {} def /figproc exch def cvx /figname exch def /showtitle exch def /showborder exch def 2 add % temp for blat 25 /figheight exch def 20 sub /figwidth exch def translate showborder {1 10 add 5 10.4 figheight 33 sub moveto figwidth 0.8 sub 0 rlineto figwidth 2 sub figheight 15 sub stdfigrad roundbox % gsave showboxgrays {0.94}{0} ifelse setgray fill grestore gsave 0.33 setgray fill grestore % temp gray box, white top gsave newpath 0 0 moveto 0 figheight 38 sub rlineto figwidth 2 sub 0 rlineto 0 figheight 38 sub neg rlineto closepath grayshade setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke } if /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9 gonzofont trystone {/cstretch 0.5 store /font7 /StoneSans-Bold 9 gonzofont} if font7 showtitle {white figwidth 2 div figheight 31 sub font7 figname cc black} if /bw figwidth def /bt figheight def /bl 0 def /bb 0 def /bc figwidth 2 div def /xpos 20 def /ypos bt 20 sub def /cstretch 0 def /sstretch 0 def /lastlinestretch 0 def /pmrun 0 def /ypara 0 def /linestring linestring2 def % needed to run interference 3 1 roll translate dup scale mark figproc cvx exec cleartomark stdsnap restore justx 4 jsave put } def %%%% grayfig2i is experimental for clipped? images /grayfig2i { /jsave justx 4 get def % hold current justify mode save /stdsnap exch def % save and snap /colcheck {} def % no main column changes /figproc exch def % save figure proc and name cvx /figname exch def /showtitle exch def % save show booleans /showborder exch def 2 add /figheight exch def % adjust and save size 20 sub /figwidth exch def translate % position on page showborder { % start conditional border 1 10 add 5 10.4 figheight 33 sub moveto figwidth 0.8 sub 0 rlineto figwidth 2 sub figheight 15 sub stdfigrad roundbox % gsave showboxgrays {0.94}{0} ifelse setgray fill grestore gsave 0.12 settint 0.33 setgray fill grestore % temp gray box, white top gsave newpath 0 0 moveto 0 figheight 38 sub rlineto figwidth 2 sub 0 rlineto 0 figheight 38 sub neg rlineto closepath grayshade pop 1 setgray fill grestore gsave clip [2 0 1 1] superstroke } if /font7 /Helvetica-Bold 9 gonzofont trystone {/cstretch 0.5 store /font7 /StoneSans-Bold 9 gonzofont} if font7 showtitle {white figwidth 2 div figheight 31 sub font7 figname cc black} if /bw figwidth def /bt figheight def /bl 0 def /bb 0 def /bc figwidth 2 div def /xpos 20 def /ypos bt 20 sub def /cstretch 0 def /sstretch 0 def /lastlinestretch 0 def /pmrun 0 def /ypara 0 def /linestring linestring2 def % needed to run interference 3 1 roll translate dup scale mark figproc cvx exec cleartomark grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke % warning: should be conditional stdsnap restore justx 4 jsave put } def /grayshade 0.92 def % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% URL PATCHES %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % ZZZZ % patch definitions... % dictionary method << /ng1 (news:///sci.energy) /ng2 (news:///sci.energy.hydrogen) /ng3 (news:///alt.energy.homepower) /gibbs (http://www.compusmart.ab.ca/plambeck/che/p102/p02051.htm) /exergy (http://www.ecen.com/eee9/ecoterme.htm) /exbib (http://www.exergy.se/goran/thesis/bib/bibliography.html) /elsevier (http://www.elsevier.com) /appliedenergy (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/03062619) /bioenergy (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/09619534) /energy (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/03605442) /energyconversion (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/01968904) /fuelab (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/01406701) /fcbul (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/14642859) /ijhe (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/03603199) /jwe (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/01676105) /ocean (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/00298018) /pvbul (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/14738325) /semsc (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/09270248) /rser (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/13640321) /lumeloid (http://www.polar-solar.com) /ises (http://www.ises.org) /battmag (http://www.batterypoweronline.com) /radioshack (http://www.radioshack.com) /ethanol (http://www.unisci.com/stories/20013/0813012.htm) /energyadvocate (http://www.energyadvocate.com) /bandgap (http://www.chipcenter.com/eexpert/akruger/akruger040.html) /homepower1 (http://www.homepower.com) /converter (http://www.convert-me.com/en/) /darwin (http://www.darwinawards.com) /walmart (http://www.walmart.com) /rmi (http://www.rmi.org) /mems (http://www.memsnet.org) /gurulink (http://www.tinaja.com#engines) /solarh2 (http://www.sciencenews.org/20000916/fob6.asp) /powerengineering (http://pe.pennnet.com/) /cogen (http://www.co-generation.com) /epri (http://www.epri.com) /carbon (http://www.eren.doe.gov/hydrogen/pdfs/30535am.pdf) /societyautoengineers (http://www.sae.org) /pondscum (http://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2000/02/16/scum.html) /sciencemag (http://www.sciencemag.org) /naturemag (http://www.nature.com/nature) /sandia (http://www.sandia.gov/media/NewsRel/NR2002/tungsten.htm) /n2site1 (http://www.aa.washington.edu:80/aerp/CRYOCAR/CryoCar.htm) /n2site2 (http://www.mtsc.unt.edu/CooLN2Car.html) /auctionadvisory (http://www.auctionadvisory.com) /naaorg (http://www.auctioneers.org) /findauct (http://www.auctioneers.org/findAuctioneer/search.cfm) /azstateorg (http://www.azauctioneers.org) /natpaper (http://www.usnpl.com) /azpaper (http://www.usnpl.com/aznews.html) /mccoll (http://www.dist.maricopa.edu/surplus) /walt (http://www.swliquidators.com) /tec (http://www.testequipmentconnection.com) /levylatham (http://www.levylatham.com) /hostess (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/twinkie.pdf) /ivy (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/psnt.pdf) /schizo (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/autobadg.pdf) /mitzi (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/begstuff/menujust.pdf) /scam (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/resbn63.pdf) /massteleport (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/hack16.pdf) /jannot (http://webhome.idirect.com/~jproc/rrp/an_nom.html) /emergop1 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/emergop1.pdf) /emergop2 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/emergop2.pdf) /emergop3 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/emergop3.pdf) /emergop4 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/emergop4.pdf) /emergop5 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/emergop5.pdf) /emergop6 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/emergop6.pdf) /book1 (http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1556229593/donlancastersgurA/) /book2 (http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0735711666/donlancastersgurA/) /book3 (http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0595136931/donlancastersgurA/) /book4 (http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0596002238/donlancastersgurA/) /book5 (http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672322900/donlancastersgurA/) /surplusbid (http://www.surplusbid.com) /gonzomain (http://www.tinaja.com/post01.asp#gonzo) /stepprep1 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/stepprep.psl) /terra (http://terraserver.homeadvisor.msn.com/default.asp) /topo (http://www.topozone.com) /pacman (http://www.tinaja.com/blender/alphaout.jpg) /blender (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/blender.psl) /refurb (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/refurb.pdf) /myebays (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/myebays.pdf) /auct01 (http://www.tinaja.com/auct01.asp) /midlevel (http://www.tinaja.com/includes/green01x.asp) /javacalc (http://www.tinaja.com/mscal108q.asp) /javaps (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/mscal108q.psl) /adobesearch (http://www.adobe.com) /linkexample (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/muse153.psl) /drhtml (http://www2.imagiware.com/RxHTML) /webtrends (http://www.webtrends.com) /bwhistle (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/bwhistle.pdf) /svg (http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/Overview.htm8) /w3org (http://www.w3.org) /svgadobe (http://www.adobe.com:80/svg/) /awebutil (http://www.tinaja.com/text/awebutil.html) /autoexample (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/muse153.pdf) /videonics (http://www.videonics.com) /slider (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/galley1.psl) /stepprep (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/stepprep.psl) /bouncy (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/bouncy.pdf) /begstuff (http://www.tinaja.com/post01.asp#begstuff) /pssecrets (http://www.tinaja.com/post01.asp#secrets) /showtell (http://www.tinaja.com/post01.asp#showtell) /psbooks (http://www.tinaja.com/post01.asp#books) /daystats (http://www.tinaja.com/users/day.htm) /monthstats (http://www.tinaja.com/users/month.htm) /resbn63 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/resbn63.pdf) /adobe (http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/) /mscalcs (http://www.tinaja.com/magsn01.asp#calculators) /distlang (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/distlang.html) /postflut (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/postflut.pdf) /stepsynt (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/stepsynt.pdf) /stepcalc28 (http://www.tinaja.com/mscal28n.asp) /drms (http://www.drms.com) /drmscat (http://www.drms.com/catalog/Catsite.html) /arcata (http://www.arcatapet.com/imgv32.html) /cab04 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab04.bmp) /hp (http://www.hp.com) /bitmfont (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/bitmfont.txt) /antifont (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/antifont.psl) /pdf2bmpbmp (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/pdf2bmp.bmp) /pdf2bmp (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/pdf2bmp.psl) /figbm1 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01a.bmp) /figbm2 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01b.bmp) /figbm3 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01c.bmp) /figbm4 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01d.bmp) /figbm5 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01e.bmp) /figbm6 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01f.bmp) /figbm7 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01g.bmp) /figbm8 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/cab4-01h.bmp) /blatsc (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/stepprep.psl) /tektronix (http://www.tektronix.com) /agilent (http://www.agilent.com) /fluke (http://www.fluke.com) /wavetek (http://www.acterna.com) /ifr (http://www.ifrsys.com) /genrad (http://www.genrad.com) /bandk (http://www.bkprecision.com) /simpson (http://www.simpsonelectric.com) /sencore (http://www.sencore.com) /triplett (http://www.triplett.com) /eico (http://users.erols.com/fiddler.interport/EICO.HTM) /heath (http://www.heathkit-museum.com) /boatanchor (http://www.dealamerica.com/deal/cgi-bin/ads/bcads.cgi) /esi (http://www.esi.com) /tec (http://www.testequipmentconnection.com) /nsn (http://www.usainfo.com) /surplusbid (http://www.surplusbid.com) /levy (http://www.levylatham.com) /govliq (http://www.govliquidation.com) /tucker (http://www.tucker.com) /testequity (http://www.testequity.com) /mhzelectronics (http://www.mhzelectronics.com) /fairradio (http://www.fairradio.com) /google (http://www.google.com) /uhaul (http://www.uhaul.com) /drmo (http://www.drms.com) /hamfest (http://www.arrl.org/hamfests.html) /auctadvisory (http://www.auctionadvisory.com) /ups (http://www.ups.com) /lambda(http://www.lambdapower.com) /collins (http://www.collinsradio.org) /porter (mailto:lporter1@flash.net) /tannebaum (http://www.agtannenbaum.com) /manualman (http://www.manualman.com) /manplus (http://www.manualsplus.com) /nist (http://www.nist.gov) /rochester (http://www.rocelec.com) /luke (http://www.lukechips.com) /eei (http://www.expediters.com) /griffiths (http://www.reprise.com/ash/clients2/default.asp) /deanek (mailto:dektyr@teleport.com) /superior (http://www.superiorelectric.com) /chipcenter (http://www.chipcenter.com) /stegan (http://www.tinaja.com/amlink01.asp) {{{ }}} pop /gamewell (http://www.gamewell.com) /bentley (http://www.bentleypublishers.com) /radioshack (http://www.radioshack.com) /barro (http://www.tinaja.com/barro.jpg) /barrox (http://www.tinaja.com/barrox.jpg) /napali (http://www.topozone.com/map.asp?z=4&n=2455469&e=436636&s=25&size=1) /eac (http://www.eac.cc.az.us) /paia (http://www.paia.com) /signetics (http://www.signetics.com) /kartchner (http://www.pr.state.az.us/parkhtml/kartchner.html) /nss (http://www.caves.org) /pulaski (http://www.wildfire-equipment.com/WildfireMain.html) /nahs (http://www.nallegheny.k12.pa.us) /asu (http://www.asu.edu) /stats (http://www.tinaja.com/users/month.htm) /ti (http://www.ti.com) /lehigh (http://www.lehigh.edu) /allen (http://www.allenorgan.com) /lafayette (http://www.lafayette.edu) /bostcomp (http://www.tcm.org) /dvorak (http://www.dvorak.org) /buhl (http://www.planetarium.cc) /whole (http://www.wholeearthmag.com) /active(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=075062986X/donlancastersgurA) /enhance1(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672218224/donlancastersgurA) /cheap1(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672215241/donlancastersgurA) /cheap(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672215241/donlancastersgurA) /soncheap(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672217236/donlancastersgurA) /tvt(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672213133/donlancastersgurA) /micro1(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672218283/donlancastersgurA) /applewriter(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672224607/donlancastersgurA) /assy(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672223317/donlancastersgurA) /enhance1(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672218224/donlancastersgurA) /ttl(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0672210355/donlancastersgurA) /cmos(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0750699434/donlancastersgurA) /active(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=075062986X/donlancastersgurA) /rtl(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=067220715X/donlancastersgurA) /ismm(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1882193652/donlancastersgurA) /smallbeaut(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0881791695/donlancastersgurA) /fuller(http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0020653204/donlancastersgurA) /wqed (http://www.wqed.org) /pannier (http://www.pannier.com) /carnegie (http://www.cmu.edu) /ccell (http://www.circuitcellar.com/guru) /ebay (http://cgi6.ebay.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewListedItems&userid=abeja&include=0&since=-1&sort=2) /stats (http://www.tinaja.com/users/month.htm) /drhtml (http://www2.imagiware.com/RxHTML) /ourfav (http://www.tinaja.com/favicon.ico) /favicon (http://www.favicon.com) /mostpop (http://www.tinaja.com/#sampler) /banndata (http://www.tinaja.com/banners/banndatax.txt) /deja (http://groups.google.com) /colors (http://www.htmlhelp.com/icon/hexchart.gif) /w3org (http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/Overview.htm8) /iisplugin (http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/8122.htm) /ngjava (news://comp.lang.javascript) /iis (news://microsoft.public.inet.server.iis) /auctbut (http://cgi6.ebay.com/aw-cgi/ebayISAPI.dll?ViewListedItemsLinkBUttons&userid=abeja) /drmobut (http://www.drms.dla.mil/newsales/html/drms_property.html#placeabid) /adobe (http://www.adobe.com) /auctionadvmag (http://www.auctionadvisory.com) /ebay (http://www.ebay.com) /ebaymag (http://www.krause.com) /ipswitch (http://www.ipswitch.com) /levylat (http://www.levylatham.com) /tec (http://www.4testequipment.com) /webtrends (http://www.webtrends.com) /imag1 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/lumin1.jpg) /imag2 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/thermoc1.jpg) /imag3 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/noisegn1.jpg) /imag4 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/casio1.jpg) /imag5 (http://www.tinaja.com/images/bargs/punchdn1.jpg) /deja (http;//2www.dejanews.com/home_ps.shtnl) /whois (http://2www.dejanews.com/home_ps.shtnl) /whowhere (http://www.whowhere.com) /bigfoot (http://www.bigfoot.com) /infospace (http://www.infospace.com) /mapquest (http://www.mapquest.com) /mapsonus (http://www.MapsOnUs.com) /aerial (http://terraserver.microsoft.com) /postvect (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/postvect) /levyl (http://www.levylatham.com) /auct (http://www.auctionadvisory.com) /ebay (http://www.ebay.com) /teconn (http://www.4testequipment.com) /keely (http://www.keelynet.com) /oxbridge (http://www.mediafinder.com) /arrl (http://www.arrl.com/field/hamfests) /vartel(http://www.vartel.com/hamfest.htm) /sww (http://www.auctionsww.com/results/surplus.htm) /onsale(http://www.onsale.com) /drms1 (http://www.drms.com/catalog/Catsite.html) /drms2 (http://www.drms.dla.mil/national/abstracts/indexabt.html) /drms3 (http://www.drms.dla.mil/newsales/html/bid_results.html) /drms4 (http://www.drms.dla.mil/htbin/drmsrch?Z11=0) /drms5 (http://www.drms.dla.mil/) /uwb (http://www.uwb.org) /ulab (http://commsci.usc.edu/ulab/links.html) /timed (http://www.time-domain.com) /boston (http://cuprum.chem.umn.edu/boston98.html) /eecs (http://www-eecs.mit.edu/AY96-97/events/19.html) /questlink(http://www.questlink.com) /nts (http://www.nts.mh.se/~johma/psd) /whidbey (http://ww2.whidbey.net/optoinfo/LED_FAQ.html) /spie (http://www.spie.org) /bap (http://positron.aps.org/BAPSMAR98/abs/S1690007.html) /aachen (http://www.rwth-aachen.de/isea/Ww/texte/abstract/ka_vrla.html) /tefbbs (http://www.tefbbs.com/spacetime/index.htm) /dnai (http://www.dnai.com/~jfox) /forum (http://www.dejanews.com/group/dejanews.members.tech.tinaja.gurus-lair) /xx1 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/bannyear.pdf) /xx2 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/bwhistle.pdf) /xx3 (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/graburls.ps) /xx4 (http://www.tinaja.com/text/reflog1.html) /xx5 (http://www.tinaja.com/text/refsum1.html) /xx6 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/muse116.pdf) /xx7 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/muse124.pdf) /xx8 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/pdflink.pdf) /xx9 (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/weaveweb.pdf) /xx10 (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/weberru2.ps) /xx11 (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/weblogu2.ps) /xx12 (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/websitan.ps) >> {mark exch/eurl cvx ] cvx def} forall /specialpj {(http://www.tinaja.com/glib/picojust.pdf) eurl} def % picojust not allowed as gonzo variagle /maildon {(mailto:don@tinaja.com) eurl } def /tinaja {(http://www.tinaja.com) eurl } def /consult {(http://www.tinaja.com/consul01.html) eurl} def /netscape {(http://www.netscape.com) eurl } def /adobe {(http://www.adobe.com) eurl } def /parallax {(http://www.parallaxinc.com) eurl } def /coriolis {(http://www.coriolis.com) eurl } def /hottalk {(mailto:hottalk@printer-net) eurl } def /adobe1 {(http://www.adobe.com/supportservices/devrelations/technotes.html) eurl} def /tn5150 {( http://www.adobe.com/suportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN5150.PDFMARK.PDF) eurl} def /gonzo {(http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/gonzo.ps) eurl} def /muse {(http://www.tinaja.com/muse01.html) eurl} def /m135p {(http://www.tinaja.com/glib/muse135.psl) eurl} def /graburls {(http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/graburls.ps) eurl} def /linkpdf {(http://www.tinaja.com/linkpdf1.html) eurl} def /rxhtml {(http://www2.imagiware.com/RxHTML) eurl} def /n1 {(news://sci.electronics.design) eurl} def /n2 {(news://sci.electronics.misc) eurl} def /hotbot {(http://www.hotbot.com) eurl} def /alta {(http://www.digital.altavista.com) eurl} def /xp {(www.dejanews.com/rg_mkgrp.xp) eurl} def /ifilter {(http://www.adobe.com/prodindex/acrobat/ifilter.html)eurl} def /srchpdf {(http://www.tinaja.com/text/srchpdf.html) eurl} def /redirect {(http://www.tinaja.com/text/redirect.html) eurl} def /hack73 {(http://www.tinaja.com/glib/hack73.pdf) eurl} def /hacklib {(http://www.tinaja.com/hack01.html) eurl} def /magic {(http://www.tinaja.com/magsin01.html) eurl} def /fourier {(http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/fourier.ps) eurl} def /zeroharm {(http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/zeroharm.ps) eurl} def /sincat210 {(http://www.tinaja.com/sn210cat.ps) eurl} def % power method... yyyyyyyyy /setglib {mark (http://www.tinaja.com/glib/) 2 index 20 string cvs mergestr (.pdf) mergestr /eurl cvx ] cvx def} def /setpost {mark (http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/) 2 index 20 string cvs mergestr (.ps) mergestr /eurl cvx ] cvx def} def /sethtml {mark (http://www.tinaja.com/) 2 index 20 string cvs mergestr (.asp) mergestr /eurl cvx ] cvx def} def /setweb {mark (http://www.) 2 index 20 string cvs mergestr (.com) mergestr /eurl cvx ] cvx def} def /magicsin {/msinprop} def /parallax {/parallaxinc} def % yyyyy [ /when2pat /patnthor /msinprop /magicsin /nuts08 /hack35 /gramtram /muse116 /nonlingr /myebays /ebayphen /magsn01 /muse153 /alphadem /hack84 /muse112 /muse113 /colorizd2 /spotcolr /urlindoc /emergop1 /ratholes /muse125 /muse112 /emergop5 /resbn63 /muse135 /muse120 /muse131 /resbn88 /contests /muse115 /muse137 /infopack /hack64 /hack68 /resbn37 /resbn18 /stezine /ebayphen /stepprep /resbn26 /hack47 /hack68 /hack60 /hack69 /newsgrp /bwhistle /elesimp /resbn80 /resbn91 /resbn82 /resbn73 /resbn87 /imagimag /muse90 /muse151 /waywere /imagimag /twinkie /muse128 /emergop6 /hack71 /hack73 /hack76 /resbn19 /acrocat /twenty47 /muse139 /muse115 /muse116 /bannyear /advetorl /resbn81 /infopack /postjust ] {setglib} forall [ /magsn01 /patnt01 /blat01 /h2gas01 /capvid01 /whtnu01 /auct01 /aafont01 /ismm01 /bod01 /synlib01 /muse01 /pseudo01 /post01 /libry01 /gurgrm01 /consul01 /weblib01 /patnt01 /post01 /info01 /acrob01 /b /advt01 /info01 /dntkwb01 /beewb01 /hack01 /flut01 /webwb01 /tinaja /barg01 /blat01 /barg01 /hack01 /linkpdf1 /psweb01 /amlink01 /resbn01 /blat01 /webwb01 /amlink01 /map01 /glair01 /guru01 /tinaja01 ] {sethtml} forall % now asp [/colorizd2 /websitan /acatdata /catwords /coloriz2 /catools1] {setpost} forall [ /parallaxinc /mediafinder /hotbot /patent.womplex.ibm /amazon /digital.altavista ] {setweb} forall /lindsay {(http://www.keynet.net/~lindsay) eurl} def /resch {(http://www.wp.com/resch/search.html) eurl} def /redirect {(http://www.tinaja.com/text/redirect.html) eurl} def /websitan {(http://www.tinaja.com/psutils/websitan.ps) eurl} def /bannlast {(http://www.tinaja.com/text/bannlast.html) eurl} def /byternge {(http://www.tinaja.com/text/byternge.html) eurl} def %%%%%% << /billb (http://www.eskimo.com~billb) /billbfe (http://www.eskimo.com/~bilb/freenrgl/fnrg) /randi (http://www.randi.org/jr/pigasus.html) /skeptic (http://www.csicop.org) >> {mark exch /eurl cvx ] cvx def} forall /bigfoot {(http://www.bigfoot.com) eurl} def /drebes {(http://www.drebes.com) eurl} def /infospace {(http://www.infospace.com) eurl} def /factsheet5 {(http://www.factsheet5.com) eurl} def /watch {(http://www.searchenginewatch.com) eurl} def /scieldes {(news:sci.electronics.design) eurl} def /quest {(http://www.questlink.com) eurl} def /acronews {(news:comp.text.pdf) eurl} def /acroread {(http://www.adobe.com/prodindex/acrobat/readstep.html) eurl} def /alta {(http://www.altavista.digital.com) eurl} def /dominis {(http://www.dominis.com/Zines) eurl} def /ejournal {(http://www.edoc.com/ejournal) eurl} def /parallax {(http://www.parallaxinc.com) eurl} def /homeart {(http://www.homearts.com/affil/ahi/main/ahihome.htm) eurl} def /amazon {(http://www.amazon.com) eurl} def /meer {(http://www.meer.net/~johnl/e-zine-list) eurl} def /scweb01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/scweb01.html) eurl} def /blackrange {(http://www.zianet.com/blackrange/lodge.html) eurl} def /blond {(http://www.winn.com/pwinn/humor/index/html) eurl} def /trader {(http://www.traderonline.com) eurl} def /cowmoo {(http://www.qtm.net/~geibdan/framest.html) eurl} def /subgen {(http://sunsite/unc.edu/subegnius) eurl} def /c2000 {(http://www.classifieds2000.com) eurl} def /dilbert {(http://www.unitedmedia.com/comics/dilbert) eurl} def /tinaja {(http://www.tinaja.com) eurl} def /medweb {(http://www.gen.emory.edu/medweb) eurl} def /factsheet {(http://www.well.com/conf/f5/f5index2.html) eurl} def /fmfind {(http://wmbr.mit.edu/stations/locate.html) eurl} def /four11 {(http://www.Four11.com) eurl} def /freecat {(http://catalog.savvy.com) eurl} def /freenrg {(http://www.eskimo.com/~bilb/freenrg/frng) eurl} def /healthy {(http://www.healthy.net) eurl} def /bentley {(http://www.bentleysauction.com) eurl} def /eeweb01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/eeweb01.html) eurl} def /hotbot {(http://www.hotbot.com) eurl} def /infer {(http://www.inference.com/infind) eurl} def /info01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/info01.asp) eurl} def /persian {(http://www.persiankitty.com) eurl} def /ccodes {(http://www.Four11.com/cgi-bin/Four11Main?Country) eurl} def /thelist {(http://thelist.iworld.com) eurl} def /keelynet {(http://www.keelynet.com) eurl} def /jobs {(http://www.datamation.com/PlugIn/jobs/jobs.html) eurl} def /kelly {(http://www.kbb.com) eurl} def /lindsay {(http://www.keynet.net/~lindsay) eurl} def /lookup {(http://www.lookupusa.com) eurl} def /bell800 {(http://att.net/dir800) eurl} def /mapquest {(http://www.mapquest.com) eurl} def /faq {(http://www.faqlib.com) eurl} def /pic500 {(http://www.tinaja.com/pic500) eurl} def /wpsearch {(http://www.wp.com/resch/search.htm) eurl} def /microchip {(http://www.microchip.com) eurl} def /mohotta {(http://www.mohotta.com) eurl} def /acrob01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/acrob01.asp) eurl} def /movie {(http://us.imdb.com) eurl} def /booksol {(http://www.cs.cmu.edu/books.html) eurl} def /oxbridge {(http://www.mediafinder.com) eurl} def /paml {(http://www.NeoSoft.com/internet/paml/byname.html) eurl} def /patent {(http://patent.womplex.ibm.com) eurl} def /elements {(http://www2.shef.ac.uk/~chem?web-elements) eurl} def /picup01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/picup01.html) eurl} def /yahoo {(http://www.yahoo.com/bin/top2?122.25) eurl} def /azstream {(http://wwwdaztcn.wr.usgs.gov/rt-cgi/gen_tbl_pg) eurl} def /saucer {(http://www.mcs.com/~kvg/smear.htm) eurl} def /scott {(http://www.seetron.com) eurl} def /billb {(http://www.eskimo.com/~billb) eurl} def /shepard {(http://home.att.net/~dennis.shepard) eurl} def /barg01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/barg01.asp) eurl} def /switchboard{(http://www.switchboard.com/) eurl} def /techweb {(http://techweb.cmp.com/eet/docs) eurl} def /govsurp {(http://131.87.1.51) eurl} def /zipcode {(http://www.usps.gov/ncsc) eurl} def /vanagon {(mailto:Vanagon@gerry.sdsc.edu) eurl} def /wsrn {(http://wsrn.com) eurl} def /launch {(http://www2com.com/~upfront/launch) eurl} def /webann {(http://www.ep.com/faq/webannounce.html) eurl} def /whois {(http://www.internic.net/cgi-bin/whois) eurl} def /internic {(http://www.internic.net) eurl} def /weblib01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/weblib01.asp) eurl} def /whowhere {(http://www.whowhere.com) eurl} def /deja {(http://www.dejanews.com/home_ps.shtml) eurl} def /newslist {(http://www.tinaja.com/text/newslist.html) eurl} def /thomas {(http://www.thomasregister.com/index.html) eurl} def /selfref {(http://www.tinaja.com/glib/resbn71.pdf) eurl} def % This code locks pdfmark commands out of a PostScript printer. /pdfmark where {pop}{userdict /pdfmark /cleartomark load put} ifelse % /surl "start url" marks the beginning of a text sequence to be urled. % It also paints the text blue... /surl {mark /blue cvx 0.33 /setgray cvx % change text to blue /currentpoint cvx % remember box start /urly /exch cvx /store cvx /urlx /exch cvx /store cvx ] cvx % complete deferred command printlist exch 3 index exch put % stuff into gonzo printlist exch 1 add exch % increment gonzo list count } def % /eurl "end url" unmarks the end of a text sequence and sets up % the pdfmark needed to define the Acrobat web link. /eurl {mark % start deferred proc exch % position url string /aqua cvx 0 /setgray cvx % turn blue marker off /makeurl cvx % defer call of url builder ] cvx % complete deferred proc printlist exch 3 index exch % stuff into gonzo printlist put exch 1 add exch % increment gonzo list count } def % /makeurl generates the pdfmark, receiving a {(urlstring) makeurl}. % Note that it is not called until formatted printlist time... /urlover 0.2 def % fraction of hot area over bounds /makeurl { /cururlname exch store % save the url string mark % start pdfmark currentfont /ScaleMatrix get 3 get /fsize exch store % guess height /Rect [ urlx fsize urlover mul sub % set box left x urly fsize urlover mul sub % set box left y currentpoint exch fsize urlover mul add exch fsize add ] /Border [ 0 0 0] % [0 0 0 ] = none; [0 0 2] = debug /Color [ .7 0 0 ] /Action <> /Subtype /Link /ANN % annotation type pdfmark % call pdf operators } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /wanttousepicojustify true def % this globally turns picojust on or off %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% wanttousepicojustify false 40 array dictstack {/^picoset known or} forall not and { % FILL JUSTIFICATION IMPROVER version 3.0, November 3, 1994. c 1994 by % Don Lancaster & Synergetics (602) 428-4073. [support on GEnie PSRT] % Personal use premitted; All commercial & media rights fully reserved. % Install this where it will redefine all print time uses of % the -awidthshow- operator. Use picojust true or false to control. /picoflag true def % selective availability switch /picofract 0.5 def % percentage of excess space to be internalized /picothresh 0.03 def % percentage/100 increment per font change /picomax 0.15 def % percentage/100 max stretch (limits fat chars) /^picoset true def % job multiple def lockout /picojust {/picoflag exch store} def % use for local turn on or off /awidthshow {1 index 4 index 6 index add add 32 eq not picoflag not or {//awidthshow}{/^msg exch store pop /^cst exch store pop pop /^sst exch store /^cct ^msg length store /^rwd ^msg stringwidth pop store /^sct 0 ^msg {( ) search {pop pop exch 1 add exch}{pop exit} ifelse} loop store /^jwd ^cct ^cst mul ^sct ^sst mul add store /^saj ^jwd dup ^rwd add dup 0 eq {pop 0.0001} if div picothresh div floor picothresh mul picofract 1.33 mul mul dup picomax ge {pop picomax} if 1 add store gsave ^saj 1 scale /^rft 1 ^saj 1 sub ^rwd mul ^jwd dup 0 eq {pop 0.0001} if div sub ^saj div store ^sst ^rft mul 0 32 ^cst ^rft mul 0 ^msg //awidthshow grestore ^jwd ^rwd add 0 rmoveto} ifelse} bind def} if %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % /.ep0 {} def /.ep1 {} def % blat45 $650 patent %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /wanttousepicojustify true def % this globally turns picojust on or off %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% wanttousepicojustify false 40 array dictstack {/^picoset known or} forall not and { % FILL JUSTIFICATION IMPROVER version 3.0, November 3, 1994. c 1994 by % Don Lancaster & Synergetics (602) 428-4073. [support on GEnie PSRT] % Personal use premitted; All commercial & media rights fully reserved. % Install this where it will redefine all print time uses of % the -awidthshow- operator. Use picojust true or false to control. /picoflag true def % selective availability switch /picofract 0.5 def % percentage of excess space to be internalized /picothresh 0.03 def % percentage/100 increment per font change /picomax 0.15 def % percentage/100 max stretch (limits fat chars) /^picoset true def % job multiple def lockout /picojust {/picoflag exch store} def % use for local turn on or off /awidthshow {1 index 4 index 6 index add add 32 eq not picoflag not or {//awidthshow}{/^msg exch store pop /^cst exch store pop pop /^sst exch store /^cct ^msg length store /^rwd ^msg stringwidth pop store /^sct 0 ^msg {( ) search {pop pop exch 1 add exch}{pop exit} ifelse} loop store /^jwd ^cct ^cst mul ^sct ^sst mul add store /^saj ^jwd dup ^rwd add dup 0 eq {pop 0.0001} if div picothresh div floor picothresh mul picofract 1.33 mul mul dup picomax ge {pop picomax} if 1 add store gsave ^saj 1 scale /^rft 1 ^saj 1 sub ^rwd mul ^jwd dup 0 eq {pop 0.0001} if div sub ^saj div store ^sst ^rft mul 0 32 ^cst ^rft mul 0 ^msg //awidthshow grestore ^jwd ^rwd add 0 rmoveto} ifelse} bind def} if %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /activatemenu { %%%% ONLINE LINKER %%%%% %%%%% Module to insert eight pdf menu options .... % Place after |x but before last showpage % work out an HTML like PDF response /button { makeurlx % make box shaped url gsave beige % settint % 0.13 settint % try slight shift xpos ypos 0.9 sub translate 0.1 dup scale 0 0 mt 28 pu 28 pr 28 pd closepath 0.85 setgray fill 0 0 mt 0 28 pu 4 -4 rlineto 20 pd 20 pr 4 -4 rlineto closepath 0.5 setgray fill 0 28 mt 28 pr 28 pd -4 4 rlineto 20 pu 20 pl closepath 0.65 setgray fill 8 8 mt 12 pu 13 -6 rlineto closepath 0.33 setgray fill grestore xpos ypos mt } def % This code locks pdfmark commands out of a PostScript printer. /pdfmark where {pop}{userdict /pdfmark /cleartomark load put} ifelse % /surl "start url" marks the beginning of a text sequence to be urled. % It also paints the text blue... /surl {mark /blue cvx 0.33 /setgray cvx % change text to blue /currentpoint cvx % remember box start /urly /exch cvx /store cvx /urlx /exch cvx /store cvx ] cvx % complete deferred command printlist exch 3 index exch put % stuff into gonzo printlist exch 1 add exch % increment gonzo list count } def % /eurl "end url" unmarks the end of a text sequence and sets up % the pdfmark needed to define the Acrobat web link. /eurl {mark % start deferred proc exch % position url string /black cvx 0 /setgray cvx % turn blue marker off /makeurl cvx % defer call of url builder ] cvx % complete deferred proc printlist exch 3 index exch % stuff into gonzo printlist put exch 1 add exch % increment gonzo list count } def % /makeurl generates the pdfmark, receiving a {(urlstring) makeurl}. % Note that it is not called until formatted printlist time... /urlover 0.2 def % fraction of hot area over bounds /makeurl { /cururlname exch store % save the url string mark % start pdfmark currentfont /ScaleMatrix get 3 get /fsize exch store % guess height /Rect [ urlx fsize urlover mul sub % set box left x urly fsize urlover mul sub % set box left y currentpoint exch fsize urlover mul add exch fsize add ] /Border [ 0 0 0] % [0 0 0 ] = none; [0 0 2] = debug /Color [ .7 0 0 ] /Action <> /Subtype /Link /ANN % annotation type pdfmark % call pdf operators } def % /makeurlx generates the box specific pdfmark, receiving % a {(urlstring) makeurl}. % Note that it is not called until formatted printlist time... /makeurlx { /cururlnamex exch store % save the url string mark % start pdfmark /Rect [ xpos % set box left x ypos 0.9 sub % set box left y xpos 2.8 add % box right x ypos 0.9 sub 2.8 add % box right y ] /Border [ 0 0 0] % [0 0 0 ] = none; [0 0 2] = debug /Color [ .7 0 0 ] /Action <> /Subtype /Link /ANN % annotation type pdfmark % call pdf operators } def % text link specific data /syncat01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/glib/syncat01.pdf) eurl} def /ismm01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/ismm01.asp) eurl} def /amlink01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/amlink01.asp) eurl} def /tinaja01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/tinaja01.asp) eurl} def /info01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/info01.asp) eurl} def /barg01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/barg01.asp) eurl} def /advt01 {(http://www.tinaja.com/advt01.asp) eurl} def /maildon {(mailto:don@tinaja.com) eurl} def % button link specific data /syncat01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/glib/syncat01.pdf) button} def /info01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/info01.asp) button} def /libry01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/libry01.asp) button} def /amlink01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/amlink01.asp) button} def /tinaja01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/tinaja01.asp) button} def /ebay01x {(http://cgi6.ebay.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewListedItems&userid=abeja&include=0&since=-1&sort=2) button} def /info01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/info01.asp) button} def /barg01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/barg01.asp) button} def /advt01x {(http://www.tinaja.com/advt01.asp) button} def /maildonx {(mailto:don@tinaja.com) button} def /menu8v {gsave translate save /dosnap exch def /beige {0.10 settint} def 0.12 settint % force beige 0.5 setgray black /ybot -9999 def /ylimit -9999 def font3 font0 0 0 10 setgrid % 50 50 showgrid /cstretch 0.015 def /sstretch 0.015 def /font0 /Revue 1.2 gonzofont /font0 /StoneSans-Bold 1 gonzofont /font1 /StoneSans-Bold 1 gonzofont /font3 /Helvetica-Bold 3 gonzofont /kern 0.1 def 0 0 23 1 add 30 3.2 add 1 roundbox % clip gsave beige 0.33 setgray fill % gsave % 0 27 mt 3 pu 50 pr 3 pd closepath 0.33 setgray fill % grestore % 0.33 setgray stroke white font3 /cstretch 0.1 def 12.5 31.8 (|0PLEASE |j|jCLICK |j|jHERE |j|jTO\274 ) cc /cstretch 0.015 def 0.5 1.2 23 30 0.8 roundbox 0.75 setgray fill % /yinc 3.5 def black font1 3.2 12.1 14.8 add (|/libry01x |1 Go to the |/surl main library |/libry01 ) cl 3.2 8.7 14.8 add (|/ebay01x |1 View our |/surl eBay auctions|/ebay ) cl 3.2 5.3 14.8 add (|/advt01x |1 Sponsor a display |/surl banner|/advt01 ) cl 3.2 1.9 14.8 add (|/info01x |1 Find |/surl research|/info01 solutions) cl 3.2 12.1 (|/maildonx |1 Send Don Lancaster |/surl email|/maildon ) cl 3.2 8.7 (|/barg01x |1 Pick up surplus |/surl bargains|/barg01 ) cl 3.2 5.3 (|/tinaja01x |1 Find out what a |/surl tinaja|/tinaja01 is) cl 3.2 1.9 (|/amlink01x |1 View recommended |/surl books|/amlink01 ) cl grestore dosnap restore} def } def % as in activate menu %%%% END LNKER %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% midnightdoc starttemplate /dropindent 26 def /tabs [20] def /font0 /StoneSans-Bold [37 0 0 40.1 0 -23] gonzofont % temp thin W THIS ONE IS IT /font6 /Times-BoldItalic 9.75 gonzofont /font7 /Times-BoldItalic 9.25 gonzofont /font8 /Times-BoldItalic 9.75 gonzofont /font: /Times-Roman 7 gonzofont /font= /Helvetica-Bold 8 gonzofont /font; /Symbol 9.5 gonzofont /nicebar {gsave bestgray 1 setlinecap xpos ypos 5.9 add moveto txtwide 5 sub 0 rlineto [4 0 2.5 .95] superstroke /ypos ypos yinc 2 div sub def grestore} def /emacro {ypos 190 lt {/ypos ypos 200 sub def}if } def /fmacro {/sstretch 0 def} def /Wmacro {/ttheight 12 yinc mul def} def /Xmacro {/ttheight 10 yinc mul def} def /Ymacro {/ttheight 10 yinc mul def} def /tabs [54] def /specialbox {gsave xpos 46 add ypos 3 add 135 0 18 yinc mul add neg stdfigrad roundbox gsave 0.94 setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke grestore grestore} def % /boxit illustrates marked Acrobat button % gonzo box autoposition linker /topstrlist {mark 3 1 roll {/roomleft exch roomleft exch sub def printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} /exec cvx ] cvx def} def /boxit{ gsave line1 currentpoint translate -1 -3 mt 10.5 pu 50.5 pr 10.5 pd closepath line1 stroke grestore} 0 topstrlist /fancybox {gsave currentpoint translate -7 -5 205 16 2 roundbox gsave showboxgrays {0.94}{1} ifelse setgray fill grestore [2 0 1 1] superstroke grestore} 0 topstrlist /orangeon {mark 0.04 /settint cvx 0.45 setgray cvx ] cvx % temp printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /aquaon {mark 0.52 /settint cvx 0 /setgray cvx ] cvx printlist exch 3 index exch put exch 1 add exch} def /tabs [26] def /shiftin {/xpos xpos 16 add store /txtwide txtwide 32 sub store}def /shiftout {/xpos xpos 16 sub store /txtwide txtwide 32 add store}def /font9 /Times-Roman [9.75 0 0 -9.77 0 4.5] gonzofont % special effect %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % tracking inset for the isopod energy reporter cut /isopodcut {save /cutsnap exch def /ttheight 13 yinc mul def /ttwidth 160 def /ttrad 3 def aqua (ISOPOD ENERGY REPORTER) ttbox beige %% 1.3 0.4 translate 0.1 dup scale % isopod 100 dict /Prolog exch def Prolog begin -150 -180 translate 0.6 dup scale /bd {bind def} bind def /c {curveto} bd /f {fill} bd /g {setgray} bd /gs {gsave} bd /gr {grestore} bd /l {moveto lineto stroke } bd /m {moveto} bd /r {rlineto} bd /s {stroke} bd /w {setlinewidth} bd /y {0 exch rlineto} bd 1 setlinecap 0.33 g % near strands 1.32 w 256.9 314.5 278.1 320.2 l 256.4 316.4 277.6 322.1 l 255.8 318.3 277.1 324 l 255.3 320.3 276.6 326 l 254.8 322.2 276.1 327.9 l 254.3 324.1 275.5 329.8 l 1.32 w 468.4 467.4 446.5 465.1 l % far strands 468.6 465.4 446.7 463.1 l 468.8 463.4 446.9 461.1 l 469 461.4 447.1 459.1 l 469.2 459.5 447.3 457.2 l 469.4 457.5 447.5 455.2 l 0 setlinecap % far wire 1 g 18 w 387 425 m 405.8 440.7 422.8 455.7 447 460 c % gs s gr % white break gs 0.33 g 16 w s gr % brown edge 0.8 g 13 w s % orange inside 1 setlinecap lime 0.92 g % ball 10 w 406.9 410 m 406.9 432.1 389 450 366.9 450 c 344.8 450 326.9 432.1 326.9 410 c 326.9 387.9 344.8 370 366.9 370 c 389 370 406.9 387.9 406.9 410 c gs f gr % gs 4 w s gr % outline omitted 0.33 g 1.8 w s 0.6 w 327 410 m 330.4 400.6 338.3 394.9 347 390 c 365.1 379.5 392 383.9 405.5 400 c s beige 1 g 18 w 1 setlinecap 347 390 m 326.8 373.1 319.7 348.1 297 335 c % gs s gr % white outline omitted gs 0.33 g 16 w s gr 0.8 g 13 w s 0 setlinecap % rest of front wire 1 g 18 w 297 335 m 290.1 331 284.6 327 277 325 c % gs s gr gs 0.33 g 16 w s gr 0.8 g 13 w s 1 setlinecap lime 0.92 g % notch 1.6 w 394.6 391 387.5 388 l 0.33 g 0.6 w 387 387.5 m 4 y 8 3.9 r -3.97 y s end grestore cutsnap restore /tthh ttheight def /ttheight 13 yinc mul def % temp workaround makeroom /ttheight tthh def } def %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /shiftin {20 0 translate /txtwide txtwide 40 sub store} def /shiftout {-20 0 translate /txtwide txtwide 40 add store} def black /font6 /StoneSerif-Bold [8 0 1.8 8 0 0] gonzofont /font8 /StoneSans-Bold [7.5 0 0 7.5 0 0] gonzofont /beige {0.82 settint} def /reallybeige {0.12 settint} def /narrower {12 0 translate /txtwide txtwide 15 sub store} def /tabs [ 7 0 ] def startgonzo |a T |b here was a recent newsgroup flap over an individual who thought he was going to find an old solar panel scunging away at a yard sale somewhere, build up an electrolysizer out of scrap parts he had lying around, and then hydrogen power his |/tinton1 |6Cadillac Escalade|1|/tintoff |4SUV|1 by using "free" energy. Thus screwing the oil companies. What's wrong with this picture?|p Or, for that matter, "not even wrong"? There seems to be an amazing amount of appallingly bad misinformation on both traditional and alternate energy out there. Driven by everything from wishful thinking to hidden agendas to hero worship to big business hatred to government stupidity to subsidy ripoffs to bad labwork to utter cluelessness to |4R&D|1 funding grabs to outright scams. On the other hand, there are genuine new energy and alternate energy opportunities emerging that you just may be able to participate in and profitably tap. |/red |/tinton1 |6Provided that |/tinton1r you do thoroughly understand and work well within |/tinton1r the underlying physical, thermodynamic, economic, |/tinton1 engineering, and math principles that are ~certain~ |/tinton1r to dictate what will and will not come down.|1|/tintoff |/aqua |/black I've gone over some of what follows on my |/surl |6Guru's Lair|1|/tinaja website, especially on our |/surl |6Tech Musings|1|/muse01 and |/surl |6Hydrogen|/h2gas01 |/surl Energy|1|/h2gas01 and |/surl |6InfoPack|1|/info01 library pages. As an information gathering review, let us once again go over a few energy basics and see where they do and do not lead us\274 |c Work, Power, and Energy |d A |/tinton1 |6force|1|/tintoff is something that pushes against something else. Such as gravity. Should it succeed, |/tinton1 |6work|1|/tintoff gets done. If a one pound weight is lifted one foot, then one |/tinton1 |6foot-pound|1|/tintoff of work has been done |/tinton1 |6on|1|/tintoff the weight itself. Should the one pound weight be dropped by one foot, then work gets done |/tinton1 |6by|1|/tintoff the weight.|p Contrary to popular belief, |/tinton1 |6zero|1|/tintoff work is done when a magnet is sitting on a refrigerator door. Yes, it will need |/tinton1 |6applied|1|/tintoff work to remove the magnet. And yes, the magnet |/tinton1 |6delivers|1|/tintoff work when replaced. |/tinton1r |6Both force and distance |/tinton1 are needed before work gets done.|1|/tintoff |/aqua |/tinton1 |6Energy|1|/tintoff is just the capacity to do work. Or the ability to employ a force that moves something through a distance. Or performs some exact electrical, thermal, chemical, or whatever equivalent to mechanical work. |/tinton1 |6Power|1|/tintoff is the time rate of doing work. Thus, |/tinton1 |6energy|1|/tintoff is |/tinton1 |6"how much"|1|/tintoff and |/tinton1 |6power|1|/tintoff is |/tinton1 |6"how fast"|1|/tintoff . |1One older unit of energy measurement is the |4BTU|1, or the |/tinton1 |6British Thermal Unit|1|/tintoff This is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of one pound of liquid water by one degree Fahrenheit. Or roughly the energy in one large kitchen match. Better and newer units of power and energy have been electrically defined. If you apply a voltage (a form of force) of one volt to a resistance of one Ohm, a current of one Ampere results, and the resistance dissipates a heat power of one |/tinton1 |6Watt|1|/tintoff . A typical flashlight outputs about one Watt of combined light and (mostly) heat energy. And |4746|1 such Watts represent one Horsepower. A thousand Watts is a kilowatt, and a million watts is a megawatt. One Watt of power present for one second represents an energy quantity of one |/tinton1 |6Watt-second|1|/tintoff , and otherwise called a |/tinton1 |/tinton1 |6Joule|1|/tintoff We also have larger kilojoules, megajoules, and gigajoules. But most people don't have the foggiest notion how big a gigajoule is. Why, they do not even know what color a gigajoule is or are even able to visualize its lateral imminence. Instead, I very much prefer to use an energy unit called a |/tinton1 |6watt hour|1|/tintoff . Or its larger kilowatt hour and megawatt hour buddies. Let's see. Because a Joule is one watt second, there are apparently |43600|1 Joules in one watt hour. Watt hours are easily visualized by just about anybody. A kilowatt hour is consumed by running a |4100|1 watt light bulb for ten hours. A microwave oven draws about one kilowatt hour in one hour of operation, or about a week's normal use. A solar powered calculator consumes about one watt hour of energy over its actual use lifetime. Running up stairs as fast as a fit person normally does uses about |4200|1 Watts or just under a quarter horsepower. Doing so continuously for five hours expends a kilowatt hour of energy. Or ten cents worth of retail grid electricity. There are |43412|1 BTU|1's in a kilowatt hour. As per this rather handy |/surl |6converter|1|/converter . One sure sign of web idiocy is when power and energy units get mixed up, confused, or misapplied. I'd be most happy to sell you a device that gives you a hundred watts back out for every watt you put in. So will |/surl |6Radio Shack|1|/radioshack . It is called a |/tinton1 |6capacitor|1|/tintoff .|/tintoff |c Sources, Carriers, and Sinks |d After such temporary distortions as subsidies and taxes are removed, our economy is basically and fundamentally driven by net energy resources. Profound thermodynamic first principles absolutely and positively guarantee this.|p Here's one definition that can end up both handy and remarkably useful\274 |h|6|L|/staytint1 |/tinton1 DOLLAR \320 A voucher currently exchangeable for |/tinton1 the personal use and control of ten |/tinton1 kilowatt hours of electrical energy |/tinton1 or thirty kilowatt hours of gasoline. |h|F|1|/tintoff |/black |p You'll vote for this definition every time you pay your power bill or every time you make a withdrawal from the |4ATM|1 pump at your nearby |/tinton1 |6Texaco|1|/tintoff bank. It is thus both a valid and a useful concept to think of |/tinton1 |6"using dollars"|1|/tintoff as |/tinton1 |6"spending gasoline"|1|/tintoff . There are normally three primary components to any energy delivery system: The cost of the feedstock, the cost of the delivery infrastructure, and the cost of the finance amortization. Typically the latter two will dominate. Very often, a "free" feedstock will still lead to a very expensive system. One that is quite likely noncompetitive. An |/tinton1 |6energy source|1|/tintoff is a substance or a system that can be capable of delivering |/tinton1r |6net|1|/tintoff kilowatt hours of energy to the on-the-books economy. Gasoline |/aqua is a net energy source because it takes something like one quart of old gasoline to deliver one gallon of new gasoline. Note that it does not matter how many eons some swamp labored forth mightily to produce the gasoline. It is only the present on-the-books equivalent cash flow that counts. An |/tinton1 |6energy carrier|1|/tintoff is some means of moving energy from one location to another. Batteries, flywheels, utility pumped storage and terrestrial hydrogen are typical. They are carriers or "energy transfer systems" because you first have to "fill" them with energy before you can "empty" them. Without fail, |/tinton1r |6all energy carriers consume |/tinton1r significantly more existing old energy than they can |/tinton1r return as new|1|/tintoff . An energy carrier is inherently a "pollution amplifier" |/aqua that will |/tinton1 |6magnify|1|/tintoff the pollution created by its underlying sources. It is ludicrous to claim that terrestrial hydrogen is in any way "nonpolluting". |/aqua An |/tinton1 |6energy sink|1|/tintoff is any means that consumes more "old" energy than it returns as new. To date, solar photovoltaic |4PV|1 systems remain a net energy sink and a net destroyer of gasoline because |4PV|1 has in totality consumed far more old energy than it has yet to deliver as new. If your solar panel is generating two cents worth of electricity a day and the interest cost is three cents a day, you have a net energy sink. The longer you run it, the more gasoline it wastes. Corn ethanol under American farm conditions appears to be a net energy sink because |/surl |6independent studies|1|/ethanol tell us you have to put more old energy in than you get back as new. A strong case can be made that ethanol is simply an outrageous twelve billion dollar federal vote buying scam. Current subsidy free |4US|1 corn-ethanol-as-energy production remains at zero. While ethanol under subsistence |/tinton1 |6bagasse|1|/tintoff (sugarcane residue) conditions is theoretically capable of becoming a net energy source, Brazil nearly bankrupted themselves in a futile attempt to verify this theory. Depending upon who is doing the accounting, on the decommissioning and storage realities, and how the next four or five Chernobyls are going to pan out, I strongly feel that nuclear power will end up to be something between a staggering energy sink and a minor and temporary source that clearly was not worth the monumental hassles. Wind power can be a net energy source depending upon location and the present investment versus payout ratios. Wind gets tricky in a hurry since the recoverable energy is proportional to the |/tinton1 |6cube|1|/tintoff of wind speed. Leaving scant room between effective and destructive velocities. In most locales, wind will only provide a tiny fraction of energy needs. As an example, |/tinton1 |6all|1|/tintoff of California's present wind production can only meet something like ten percent of Connecticut's energy needs. More on this at this superb |/surl |6Energy Advocate|1|/energyadvocate website. Similarly, hydroelectric is often a potent net energy source, but only of sorely limited capabilities. The trend lately is towards tearing down dams rather than building new ones. |c Energy Density |d Two important methods of fairly comparing the value of energy delivery schemes are to ask |/tinton1 |6"How big is it?"|1|/tintoff and |/tinton1 |6"How much does it weigh?"|1|/tintoff |p Although many measurement schemes exist, I feel the fairest and most general are a |/tinton1 |6volumetric|1|/tintoff energy density in |/tinton1 |6watthours per liter|1|/tintoff and a |/tinton1 |6gravimetric|1|/tintoff energy density in |/tinton1 |6watthours per kilogram|1|/tintoff . There are roughly four liters in a gallon, or |43.785|1 to be more precise. Here are a few common\274 |h |/trackfig1R |h Please note that it does not matter in the least whether you are "for" or "against" gasoline or whether you like it or hate it. Gasoline (and diesel and hydrocarbon equivalents) are and likely will remain the de-factor standards of energy density comparisons at |49000|1 watthours per liter and |413,500|1 watthours per kilogram. Gasoline also currently defines acceptable standards of safety and convenience for most personal transport. Serious competitors |/tinton1 |6must|1|/tintoff approach parity. We see that classic lead acid batteries are kinda pathetic at |440|1 watt hours per liter and |425|1 watt hours per kilogram. And that the best of newer lithium batteries are still getting beat out by gasoline by a factor of |/tinton1 |6thirty|1|/tintoff or more. For a rather basic reason, lithium is likely to "win" the battery race. Most electrochemical reactions only involve one or two outer shell electrons. The fewer neutrons and protons, the higher the gravimetric energy density. Thus favoring low numbered elements. Flywheels for bulk energy storage ain't gonna happen because of the outrageously large motors needed for fast windup. Except for a possible niche or two. They already have largely been eclipsed by newer battery technology. Elemental Hydrogen gives us a curious mix of energy density values. At first glance, its |439,000|1 wh/kg seem to be an outstanding advantage. And it is for deep space apps. At a closer look, this figure is virtually meaningless for most terrestrial apps. Why? First, because a |43X|1 increase in gasoline gravimetric energy density would not end up all that big of a deal for most end users. Possibly saving |426|1 pounds or so of average weight in an average vehicle. But much more important, you do have to consider the |/tinton1 |6contained|1|/tintoff weight of an energy delivery system. A gas tank adds relatively little weight to the gasoline it contains. But it is enormously unlikely you would be able to contain an equivalent |413|1 pounds of hydrogen in any |426|1 pound tank. Thus, the real-world contained energy density of hydrogen by weight is typically a lot |/tinton1 |6worse|1|/tintoff than gasoline. On the volumetric side, the hydrogen news is worse than all bad. |4STP|1 hydrogen gas is laughingly pathetic. |42.7|1 watt hours per liter recoverable as electricity, or |43.3|1 watt hours per liter as heat. After compression and containment losses, ultra cold cryogenic liquid hydrogen has around one-fifth the energy density of gasoline. Curiously, |/tinton1 |6there is more hydrogen in one gallon of |/tinton1 gasoline than there is in a gallon of liquid hydrogen|1|/tintoff . This happens because gasoline is denser by more than its hydrogen mole fraction. Ultra high pressure hydrogen gas has been proposed, but it still has poor energy density. Besides obvious and serious safety issues. As a fireman, I can assure you that crawling around in a flashed over burning building that is about to collapse is not nearly as scary as filling a small air bottle. In the US, |4150|1 Bar hydrogen gets locally delivered using tube trailers, but cryogenic liquid hydrogen gets mandated for longer distances. The high pressure hydrogen proponents are most likely using this as a temporary "place marker", letting them do ongoing research on a workable platform. But any extreme pressure hydrogen (|jaka "terrorist bombs"|j) turned loose on the general public is utterly insane. To quote an old farmer that I once knew "Such thinking comes from long hours in the outhouse alone." Liquid nitrogen cars can offer the performance of lead acid battery ones for a fraction of the cost and complexity. These make great student projects as |/surl |6this site|1|/n2site1 and |/surl |6this site|1|/n2site2 show us. These will likely remain "Gee Whiz" projects. There's been some web noise lately over compressed air vehicles. It is obvious they never talked to anyone in the fire service who dearly would love to use compressed air for such tasks as rescue saws, spreaders, rapid cutters, |4PPV|1 vent fans, and such. But are unable to do so because of the lousy energy density and appalling inefficiency of compressed air. Despite years of careful engineering. Because of the law of diminishing returns, typical fire departments have elected not to go from |4150|1 to |4300|1 Bar on their airpack systems. Higher pressures are beyond the pale. |c Thermodynamics |d Thermodynamics started out as the study of heat engines, but the fundamental thermo laws have long since turned into the centralmost tenets of everything we know about physics and chemistry. Without exception, |/tinton1 |6all|1|/tintoff energy and alternate energy sources |/tinton1 |6must|1|/tintoff rigorously obey these laws.|p The three most important rules tell us that you cannot get more energy back from any non-nuclear and reasonable sized closed system process than you first put in; that you cannot get nearly as much mechanical energy back from a heat engine as you input as heat; and that when left to themselves, systems tend to less and less useful forms in a never ending quest to maximize their |/tinton1 |6entropy|1|/tintoff . No matter how it is used in what way, virtually all energy is certain to ultimately end up as useless low grade heat. Paraphrased, you cannot win, you cannot break even, and everything eventually goes to hell in a handbasket. Two very significant thermo concepts are the |/tinton1 |6Carnot |/tinton1 Efficiency|1|/tintoff and |/tinton1 |6reversibility|1|1|/tintoff . A heat engine has to waste a lot of heat energy to produce a little mechanical energy. The best you can do in theory is the Carnot Limit set by the ratio of input and output absolute temperatures. For this reason most low delta-T heat recovery schemes are doomed to failure. Even if your scheme can be |/tinton1 |6replaced|1|/tintoff by a heat engine, the limit still strictly applies. For you can do no better. A reversible process kicks off no waste heat. Examples are |/tinton1 |6isothermal|1|/tintoff ones that take place at constant temperature and |/tinton1 |6adiabatic|1|/tintoff ones that neither add nor remove heat. The quest for reversibility is an elusive goal. And a must any time decent efficiencies are needed. Ferinstance, a |/surl |6Tesla Turbine|1|/muse128 |/tinton1 |6demands|1|/tintoff irreversibility to operate at all. Because of maintaining friction shear forces in a viscous fluid. Although superb for pumping live fish or frozen chickens, they are a noncompetitive nonstarter for any efficiency sensitive turbine application. I have posted a tutorial review of thermodynamics up as |/surl |6HACK64.PDF|1|/hack64 in my |/surl |6Hardware Hacker|1|/hack01 library. A good older text is Sandforth's |/surl |6Heat Engines|1|/amlink01 . |c Efficiency and Efficacy |d Efficiency is how much you get back compared to what you started with. Often expressed as a percentage. When your output energy is somehow different from your input, then |/tinton1 |6efficacy|1|/tintoff is a more correct but less used term.|p But there are different ways to measure efficiency. If you go into the lab and measure the useful raw watthours out versus the raw watthours in, you are measuring the |/tinton1 |6raw |/tinton1 efficiency|1|/tintoff . If you consider all the total direct costs of the system and its labor and acquisition and amortization, you are measuring the |/tinton1 |6fully burdened efficiency|1|/tintoff . Finally, the |/tinton1 |6societal efficiency|1|1|/tintoff would throw in such externalities as pollution, quality of life considerations, renewability, wars, sustainability, politics, and such. Thermodynamics guarantees that no closed system can be "overunity" or have an efficiency above |4100%|1. At least when all inputs are fully accounted for. Ferinstance, my Pathfinder easily gets a thousand miles to the gallon. Of windshield washer fluid. Energy sinks can have negative efficiencies. Some current efficiency figures of interest: The latest of |/surl |6utility power plants|1|/powerengineering are nearing |460|1 percent by combined cycling. Auto |4ICE|1 engines are in the low thirties but are now improving dramatically. Surprisingly, most air motors are only |429%|1 efficient or so. Solar pv panels rarely do better than ten percent at their terminals. And much less at system output. |/tinton1 |6Before|1|/tintoff amortization. Heat pumps can output more heat energy than they are input as electrical or mechanical energy, but you have to fully include |/tinton1 |6both|1|/tintoff the energy forms when doing any true thermodynamic accounting. The |4COP|1 or |/tinton1 |6coefficient of |/tinton1 performance|1|/tintoff of a heat pump is a ratio of the heat energy you move to the input electrical energy. A |4COP|1 of six is easily reached if the delta-T is reasonably low. The |4SEER|1 or |/tinton1 |6seasonal energy efficiency rating|1|/tintoff is an alternative to a |4COP|1 which can take your degree days of need into account. Air conditioning |4SEER|1's of |412|1 are common with newer scroll compressors. These are increasable to the |415|1 range with intelligent and variable speed air handling. A solid state |/surl |6Peltier Cooler|1|/ratholes typically has a |4COP|1 of 0.2 or less. Today's models are useless at higher power levels (|janything over a few watts|j) because their delta-T across their heatsinks easily exceeds their net cooling. |/surl |6Vortex Coolers|1|/resbn63 also have pitiful |4COP|1's of |40.3|1 or so, but at least the waste heat is across the room rather than in the worst possible place. Measuring raw efficiency can be enormously difficult. Any time unusual electrical waveforms are involved, |/surl |6true|/muse112 |/surl rms measurements|1|/muse112 are an absolute must. Only recently have lower cost power measurement chips of decent |/surl |6Crest|/muse125 |/surl Factors|1|/muse125 even become available. So you can safely assume most earlier low budget work was flat out wrong. All sorts of rude surprises evolve if you are measuring something you're not familiar with. Ferinstance, accurately measuring the hydrogen from an electrolysizer is wildly difficult. There's water vapor from dielectric heating, other gases, and unknown temperatures and pressures. Outrageous "overunity" claims have long been made for heaters that stir oil to cavitation. Whose explanation is most likely just the inability to properly measure chaotic or rapidly fluctuating rotary power. |c Exergy |d "Energy can neither be created nor destroyed" is a nice motto. And has a certain ring to it. But it only tells you a misleading fraction of the total story. Say you have a room and a kitchen match. Strike the match. The energy is the room was exactly the same before and after the match was struck. So, why would anyone prefer an unstruck match instead of a slightly warmer room?|p It turns out that some kilowatt hours of energy are worth considerably more than others. Why? Because of a very little known thermodynamic concept called |/surl |6exergy|1|/exbib . Exergy is a measure of energy |/tinton |6quality|1|/tintoff . This |/surl |6Thermodynamic Economics|1|/exergy website tells us that exergy has a precise definition. With liquid fuels, exergy is related to a property called the |/surl |6Gibbs Free Energy|1|/gibbs . Exergy measures the |/tinton |6reversibly recoverable|1|/tintoff energy fraction. Real-world economics gives you a looser definition of exergy. By asking "how much is this stuff really worth?" Ferinstance, electricity is just about the highest exergy stuff there is, as you can so conveniently move it or very efficiently convert it into other energy forms. Electricity often has a retail value near ten cents per kilowatt hour. Heat (especially at low temperature differentials) is much lower in exergy because of its gross inconvenience and its inefficiency in conversion to other forms. Because of this, those kilowatt hours in gasoline have a retail exergy value around three cents per kilowatt hour. Thus, a kilowatt hour of gasoline will usually be worth less than |/tinton1 |6one third|1|/tintoff of a kilowatt hour of on-grid electricity. Home electrical resistance heating gives a good example of the problems you get into with avoidable exergy drops. Using resistance heat, you get |/tinton1 |6one|1|/tintoff low value heat kilowatt hour of energy back for each high value electrical kilowatt hour input. Sell the electricity and buy natural gas, and you can get |/tinton1 |6three|1|/tintoff kilowatt hours of heat energy back for each electrical kilowatt hour input. Better yet, run a heat engine backwards as a heat pump, and you can get |/tinton1 |6five|1|/tintoff kwh of heat returned for each electrical kwh input. Chemical engineers go far out of their way to design processes that minimize loss of exergy. Any solar-to-fuel system which is to succeed absolutely, emphatically, and positively |/tinton1 |6must|1|/tintoff avoid any large mid-process exergy drops. Because such drops can easily force any renewable and sustainable resource into becoming a net energy sink. Note that a process can appear to be fairly efficient and still lose so much exergy as to be useless. Electrolysis with its less than |41:1|1 conversion of high value kilowatt hours into low value kilowatt hours is an example. |c Hydrogen Realities |d At first glance, hydrogen would seem to have some things going for it as an alternate energy resource. Hydrogen burned in oxygen forms only water vapor. Which is a relatively benign pollutant. But when hydrogen is burned in air, more noxious oxides of nitrogen can also result.|p Hydrogen can directly generate electricity in a fuel cell. While replacing Carnot heat engine restrictions with a new set of efficiency limitations. The modest |4(5%)|1 hydrogen injection into an otherwise conventional |4ICE|1 appears to significantly improve performance. Although it is not yet clear whether net energy gains can result or how well this can be integrated with ongoing |4ICE|1 improvements. The first really big negative is that |/tinton1 |6no large source of |/tinton1 terrestrial hydrogen exists|1|/tintoff . While there a few remote wells that do produce a few percent of hydrogen, this gets normally burned off as an unexploitable waste product. Instead, hydrogen is normally produced commercially by the reformation of methane. Here on earth, |/tinton1 |6hydrogen is |/tinton1 only an energy carrier that inefficiently transports |/tinton1 some other source of net energy|1|/tintoff . As we'll shortly see, electrolysis is not normally a useful means of producing bulk hydrogen energy because of its staggering loss of exergy. Especially from an on-grid or pv source. A second negative is that the energy density of hydrogen is very low. As we have seen, the |/tinton1 |6contained|1|/tintoff gravimetric density is usually lower than gasoline, while the volumetric density is a joke with up to a |43000:1|1 difference. A third really big negative is that |/tinton1 |6no personal vehicle |/tinton1 practical means of storing hydrogen is known today|1|/tintoff . Compressed gas has far too little energy density, besides being a deadly terrorist bomb. Cryogenics are inefficient and expensive, besides offering only a fraction of gasoline density. And (|jbecause of a necessary boiloff|j) only being useful for shorter term storage. There are also frostbite and blindness safety issues. Hydrides remain expensive, low density, cumbersome, and of low lifetimes. Sadly, early enthusiasm over |/surl |6carbon nanotube|1|/carbon storage has waned due to failures to replicate early spectacular claims. Other negatives do include hydrogen having one of the widest explosive ranges known. Hydrogen flames have very low visibility, owing to emissivity mostly in the ultraviolet. On a hydrogen hazmat rollover, firemen sometimes use a pike pole with a rag tied onto it to "joust" with the flame front. While it is very difficult to release all of the energy in a gasoline tank at once, doing so with a hydrogen release can be trivial. As a trained hazmat professional, I strongly feel that present "safety demos" are a laughable scam. But one that will spectacularly take care of itself. The very real hydrogen safety issues get compounded by perceived "Hindenburg" lore. Hydrogen also lacks odorants or colorants and tends to rot most metals through a process called |/tinton1 |6embrittlement|1|/tintoff . Hydrogen certainly should get thoroughly studied and evaluated because it will likely play a significant supporting role in the internal reactions in future transportation and home energy solutions. But I do not see any elemental "hydrogen economy" emerging as such. Even if hydrogen is still number one on the charts. Nor do I see any point in building your own home solar sourced and hydrogen powered |4ICE|1 lawn mower. A recent realistic numbers check showed a |440|1 watt surplus |4PV|1 solar panel could let you mow your lawn once every |4300|1 days. Besides, of course, being a monumental waste of gasoline due to its being a net energy sink. Such stunts as a Chicago hydrogen bus demo that was trucking its hydrogen in from Pittsburgh certainly do not aide the cause much. I eventually see a solar to liquid hydrocarbon conversion process "winning" the sustainable and renewable energy "war". One that is carbon neutral rather than carbon free. One that could use a largely unmodified infrastructure and delivery process. And one that most definitely will not use any staggering mid-process exergy losses. This "carbon neutral" process would remove as much carbon from the air as it later returns. "Carbon free" has the problems that carbon contributes very significant energy to most hydrocarbon fuels and seems to be a key to making them convenient room temperature liquids. I feel the conversion keys will be some magic chemicals called |/tinton1 |6metalloradicals|1|/tintoff , which are the secret ingredient to normal plant photosynthesis. Hoganson and Babcock's |/tinton1 |6A |/tinton1 Metalloradical Mechanism for the Generation of|j |/tinton1 Oxygen from Water in Photosynthesis|1|/tintoff is a key early paper. As found in |/surl |6Science|1|/sciencemag for September |426, 1997|1. |c Electrolysis |jFantasies |d Water is an |/tinton1 |6ash|1|/tintoff . By chemical energetics, it is thus about the |/tinton1r |6worst|1|/tintoff place to look for a bulk hydrogen source.|p At first glance, it seems easy enough to use |/surl |6electrolysis|1|/muse153 to split water into its oxygen and hydrogen components. Just apply any low dc current for bubble, bubble, toil and trouble. Full details first appeared by Michael Faraday over a century ago. And are easily found today in Britannica's |/tinton1 |6Great Books #45|1|/tintoff .|p Electrolysis is certainly useful for cooling generators or petrochemical refining or precision low energy torches or lifting research balloons or making fat pretty but deadly. But nearly all of these use |/tinton1 |6unstored|1|/tintoff hydrogen-on-demand and do value their hydrogen |/tinton1 |6much higher|1|/tintoff than by its meager energy content. As we've seen, retail electricity is worth about ten cents per kilowatt hour. Lower exergy gasoline is worth three cents per kilowatt hour. Your value of raw unprocessed hydrogen is not well established, but we do know it will certainly be a lot less than gasoline today. Because it has not yet impacted gasoline in any significant way. I feel |40.8|1 cents per raw hydrogen kilowatt hour can be a reasonable ballpark estimate. In a typical situation, electrolysis takes two or more kilowatt hours of electricity worth ten cents each and converts them into one or fewer kilowatt hours of hydrogen worth less than a penny each. And that is |/tinton1 |6before|1|/tintoff any fully burdened cost accounting, amortization, storage or processing. Thus\274 |h |/tinton1r |6Electrolysis for bulk hydrogen energy is pretty |/tinton1r |6much the same as 1:1 converting US dollars into |/tinton1r |6Mexican Pesos. |h|/aqua |1At its very best, electrolysis introduces a staggering loss of exergy that dramatically reduces the quantity and value of transformed kilowatt hours of energy. |/tinton1r |6Electrolysis is |/tinton1r thus wildly unsuitable when driven from high value |/tinton1r electrical sources such as retail grid electricity or any |/tinton1r small scale photovoltaics.|1|/tintoff |/aqua If you have electricity, sell the electricity, buy some methane, and reform the methane. It is a lot cheaper and throws away a lot less exergy. This is remarkably comparable to our earlier electrical resistance heat example. Where your best solution involves converting a few higher value kilowatt hours into |/tinton1 |6more|1|/tintoff lower value ones. Rather than fewer. Even if you have a renewable and sustainable source of ultra low cost electricity, electrolysis can still easily convert it back down into a net energy sink. Individuals making their own "homebrew" hydrogen by electrolysis face other rude surprises. For openers, some to much of the produced "gas" may end up water vapor from dielectric heating. Safety issues are largely unappreciated and easily lead to |/surl |6Darwin Awards|1|/darwin . But the really big gotcha is trying to use stainless steel rather than costly platinized platinum electrodes. Because of the |/tinton1 |6hydrogen overvoltage of iron|1|/tintoff found in most any electrochem textbook, and because of the dead-wrong |/tinton1 |6low |/tinton1 |6energy passivated surface|1|/tintoff , stainless slashes your possible efficiency |/tinton1 |6by one-half|1|/tintoff or greater. The emerging alternates to electrolysis? Direct |/surl |6solar to|/solarh2 |/surl hydrogen|1|/solarh2 has been demonstrated by several researchers, starting with an April 17, 1998 issue of |/surl |6Science|1|/sciencemag . Excessively annoyed |/surl |6pond scum|1|/pondscum also can apparently produce hydrogen. |c Fuel Cells |d A fuel cell is just an electrolysizer run backwards. You input hydrogen and oxygen, and output electricity, water, and waste heat. These are potentially quiet, small, and have few moving parts. They avoid Carnot efficiency limitations at the price of other restrictions. Fuel cells can be classified by their end use as utility, laptop, or automotive.|p Power utility fuel cells have long been available. They are propane or natural gas powered and will be large and stationary. They're best used for emergency power backup systems or for |/surl |6Cogeneration|1|/cogen apps where the waste heat can be put to good use. Hospitals, laundries, and industrial process heat are good candidates. |/surl |6Power Engineering|1|/powerengineering magazine is also a good source for ads and tech info. The laptop market should be the next to emerge. Where users would be most happy to pay ten times the cost and accept one-tenth the energy density of automotive needs. Besides being an instant market (Circuit City is ready when you are) And largely free of infrastructure, regulation, or political hassles. Competitors include improved or cheaper batteries, and miniature |/surl |6MEMS D-Cell turbines|1|/emergop6 . The automotive fuel cell market still faces some severe problems. These do include membrane cost, fragility, and lifetimes. Plus unresolved fuel reformation (|jthe fuel really has to want to reform|j) and storage issues. The big lie over auto fuel cells is that they can be two or three times as efficient as an internal combustion engine. A more truthful statement would be "automotive fuel cells do appear to have the potential of a modest but significant advantage over |4ICE|1 efficiency at some future date." I'd personally predict |4ICE|1 at |438%|1 and transportation fuel cells at |442%|1 within a decade. Why? Firstoff, because all hydrogen fuel cells start with a theoretical |483|1 percent efficiency. Because an electrolysizer can be one-sixth endothermic, reversing it has to end up a minimum of one-sixth exothermic. Motor |4(90%)|1, controller |4(85%)|1 and wiring |4(97%)|1 efficiencies cut this further. Worst yet, energy is required for reformation, and the process will reduce or eliminate entirely the significant carbon energy fraction of the fuel. Finally, amortization and replacement costs are likely to remain quite high. On the other side of the fence, |4ICE|1 efficiency is currently improving at one percent per year, and additional gains can be shortly expected. These should happen by way of |442|1 volt electrics, drive by wire, electric valves, by on-demand water pumps, on-demand steering, ceramic liners, variable compression, narrower speed operation, multi stage lean burn, |4CV|1 transmissions, bottom cycling, exhaust recovery, fully integrated alternator/starter/regeneration, six cycle operation, hybridization, and idle shutdown. The |/surl |6SAE|1|/societyautoengineers is a good resource here. Additional fuel cell resources and links are found |/surl |6here|1|/h2gas01 and |/surl |6here|1|/amlink01 . |c Photovoltaics |d Photovoltaic "pv" solar cells are wildly successful when used on solar power calculators. This enormously large market is driven by people who are happy as a clam paying |/tinton1 |6five hundred dollars per kilowatt hour|1|/tintoff for all of their electricity. A figure gotten by taking that fifty cent retail value of the cells extended over the total actual calculator use lifetime energy consumption of about one watthour.|p To date, on a historic and totally system wide basis, |/tinton1r |6not |/tinton1r one net watthour of solar pv electricity has ever been |/tinton1r produced|1|/tintoff . Solar pv thus remains a net energy sink. |/aqua Only recently have studies been made to find out how much energy it takes to actually build a panel. While some the latest of pv panels can in fact return you five or more times their construction energy, this is normally far too little to produce a net energy gain when it is full burden amortized over complete synchronously inverted utility buyback systems. Also, the |45X|1 breakeven ignores panels that are unsold or not completely utilized to |4100|1 percent capacity over their ultimate lifetimes. Underutilized panels remain net energy sinks. Obviously, not every installation can exactly draw all available power all the time. Detailed descriptions of solar PV projects do show up regularly in |/surl |6Home Power|1|/homepower1 magazine. A recent issue |4(#90)|1 described a typical |42400|1 watt solar grid interconnected system that produced just under |45|1 kwh a day at a materials and labor cost of |4$20,000.00|1. In the real world, they verified you get a lot less than |42400|1 watts out of |42400|1 watt panels because of the panel aging, solar site insolation, tracking angles, the days of available sunshine, dust, cloud cover, wiring loss, and synchronous inverter efficiency. Produced power was worth about fifty cents per day if used on site, or twenty five cents per day if bought back by the utility. When state regulations permit, power utilities sell retail but buy wholesale at their avoided cost. The only tiny oint in the flyment is that even at a |/tinton1 |6one |/tinton1 percent|1|/tintoff simple interest rate, servicing the debt costs more than fifty cents a day. Thus, their system is a net destroyer of gasoline. Using up more net old energy than returned. I felt their labor figures at |4$700.00|1 were unrealistically low for creating this system from the ground up. In this example system, even if the panels were obtained at zero cost, an interest rate above three percent would guarantee a net energy sink. Today, solar pv installations are certainly quite useful for remote "Uh|j\320|jcompared to what?" applications. Such as mountaintop communication repeaters or ranch solar livestock water pumping. Or where subsidies such as the outlandish cost of installing new utility poles can justify them. Or as "Golly Gee Mister Science!" gimmick options in upscale housing developments. The profits, of course, go to the home builder who just got a |4$60,000|1 higher selling price for a third that cost in off-the-shelf parts. And not to the epsilon minus buyer who was newly saddled with really, really dumb long term financing of a huge energy sink. But by no stretch of the imagination can solar pv ever be considered renewable or sustainable energy today. I definitely see home-sized solar to electric converters reaching utility grid energy parity breakeven, possibly in a decade. The more distant actual net energy breakeven will probably happen |/tinton1 |6eight years after the fully burdened |/tinton1 grid utility equivalent costs drop under eight cents |/tinton1 per kilowatt hour|1|/tintoff . Naturally, once parity is in sight, zillions of dollars will be thrown at solar pv, thus creating a horrendous but hopefully brief energy sink glitch. After which renewability and sustainability may emerge. You will know when this happens by (a) pv being used to fully produce pv, and (b) by aisle |413|1 at |/surl |6Wal-Mart|1|/walmart being clogged with |4110|1 vac, 1 kw plug-and-go home panels. But for several reasons, I do not see conventional silicon pv |/tinton1 |6ever|1|/tintoff reaching fully burdened energy breakeven. At least not without a lot of outside help. First, because there is a fundamental Carnot-like efficiency limit which prevents these cells from significantly exceeding a theoretical |430|1 percent or so of raw efficiency. Silicon offers a |/surl |6bandgap energy|1|/bandgap of |41.12|1 electron volts, equivalent to a |41106|1 nanometer wavelength in the near infrared. Energy of this exact wavelength can be efficiently converted. Longer wavelengths are ignored and lost as low grade heat. As is any "spare change" from higher energy wavelengths above this precise energy quanta level. Since solar energy has a broad spectrum, most of it unavoidably gets converted to heat by an ordinary silicon pv cell. Incoming solar energy is diffuse. Should you get under a six percent system efficiency, the system will |/tinton1 |6never|1|/tintoff pay for itself. Why? Because the system and its land and labor and amortization get way too big way too fast. For this reason, capture of the |41000|1 or so watts per square meter maximum insolation as efficiently as possible is an a must. Second, because panels only represent a fraction of the total installed cost. And because breakeven figures beyond three years are scary using any technology that is likely to be soon replaced by a far better solution. The third problem is one of silicon supply and demand. To date, the solar panel makers largely use "scrap" silicon from the integrated circuit manufacturers. The newest ic process produce far less scrap and the solar pv demand is already way beyond what is available. A severe materials crunch is likely to occur shortly. What do I think will emerge as a winner? There have been tremendous advances in |/surl |6MEMS|1|/mems or ultra small structures which newly make direct broadband solar antenna-rectifiers possible. Having very high theoretical efficiencies. Literally a solar "crystal set". Alvin Marks and his |/surl |6Lumeloid|1|/lumeloid and |/tinton1 |6Lepcon|1|/tintoff concepts has long been a pioneer in this research area. Other possibilities include our previously mentioned metalloradicals getting interrupted mid process, grabbing the electrons and outputting them as electricity. As can similar dye molecules or other pseudo photosynthetic reactions. Some recent discoveries by |/surl |6Sandia Labs|1|/sandia do show some curious infrared energy trapping upconverters that may impact everything from ordinary light bulbs to silicon pv. They are called "tungsten photonic lattices". |c My |jown |jtake |d |/surl |6Amory Lovins|1|/rmi has long been a proponent of |/tinton1 |6negawatts|1|/tintoff , or energy gain from conservation and better efficiency.|p My own research efforts have also been in the energy efficiency area. I have come up with my new and unique method to substantially improve the efficiency of larger motors, automotive drives, and solar converters. My |/surl |6Magic|/msinprop |/surl Sinewaves|1|/msinprop use far fewer switching events to produce low distortion, high power waveforms. Additional tech details can be |/surl |6found here|1|/magsn01 . |c For |jmore |jhelp|1 |d |/surl |6Elsevier|1|/elsevier does seem to be the leading publisher of energy related journals. Such as\274 |h|/staytint |p |/surl |6Applied Energy|1|/appliedenergy |/surl |6Biomass & Bioenergy|1|/bioenergy |/surl |6Energy|1|/energy |/surl |6Energy Conversion & Management|1|/energyconversion |/surl |6Fuel & Energy Abstracts|1|/fuelab |/surl |6Fuel Cells Bulletin|1|/fcbul |/surl |6International Journal of Hydrogen Energy|1|/ijhe |/surl |6Journal of Wind Engineering|1|/jwe |/surl |6Ocean Engineering|1|/ocean |/surl |6Photovoltaics Bulletin|1|/pvbul |/surl |6Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells|1|/semsc |/surl |6Sustainable Energy Review|1|/rser |h|/black |1Besides zillions of additional rather pricey journals and books, |/surl |6Solar Energy|1|/ises is also published by Elsevier for the |/surl |6International Solar Energy Society|1|/ises . Your really heavy stuff will come down in |/surl |6Science|1|/sciencemag or |/surl |6Nature|1|/naturemag magazines. The |/surl |6Electric Power Research Institute|1|/epri also offers interesting pubs. I also like |/surl |6Battery Power Products & Technology|1|/battmag . Most of the usual web search engines easily find energy info. Especially |/surl |6Google|1|/google , |/surl |6Hotbot|1|/hotbot , and all the similar |/surl |6search|/gurulink |/surl engine links|1|/gurulink on my |/surl |6Guru's Lair|1|/tinaja home page. There are a number of newsgroups of energy interest. Three of these include |/surl |6sci.energy|1|/ng1 ,|/surl |6sci.energy.hydrogen|1|/ng2 , and |/surl |6alt.energy.homepower|1|/ng3 I've gathered together a collection of recommended energy books on our |/surl |6Book Access|1|/amlink01 pages. The categories include batteries, carbon nanotubes, electrochemistry, fuel cells, electric car, hybrid car, hydrogen, thermodynamics, and wind energy. As previously mentioned, tutorials and links to major hydrogen resources appear on our |/surl |6Its a Gas|1|/h2gas01 library page. Additional tech content might also show up on our new |/surl |6GuruGram|1|/gurgrm01 library page. |/surl |6Magic Sinewaves|1|/magsn01 and |/surl |6InfoPack|/info01 |/surl Consulting|1|/info01 also have their own pages. As always, your support as |/surl |6surplus bargain|1|/barg01 seekers, as |/surl |6eBay auction|1|/ebay buyers, |/surl |6Banner Advertisers|1|/advt01 , or joining our |/surl |6Synergetics Partners|1|/msinprop is always welcome. Let's hear from you. |/tinton1 |-F|1 |h|h |/aqua |/staytint1 |Z|F|p |2Microcomputer pioneer and guru \ |/surl |6Don Lancaster|1|/waywere |/aqua |/tinton1 is the \ author of |535|2 books and countless articles. Don maintains a \ |5US|2 technical helpline you will find at |5(928) 428-4073|2, \ besides offering \ his own |/surl |6books|2|/amlink01 |/aqua |/tinton1 , \ reprints and |/surl |6consulting services|2|/info01 . |/aqua Don also offers surplus bargains \ found on |/surl |6eBay|2|/ebay |/aqua |/tinton1 and \ on his |/surl |6Bargain Pages|2|/barg01 . Don is also the webmaster of |/surl |6www.tinaja.com|2|/tinaja |/tinton1 \ You can also reach Don at Synergetics, Box |5809|2, \ Thatcher, |5AZ 85552|2. Or you can use email via |/surl \ |6don@tinaja.com|2|/maildon |x reallybeige 0.10 settint 0.5 setgray black activatemenu % cannot hit earlier cm2 0 add 0.12 settint 0.5 setgray black % cmb 0 add % 230 add % special % 190 380 % try centered % 322 406 % upper right 322 59 % lower right % 1 0.98 scale % slight adjust % 190 380 % center if not text menu8v % and show the final page. Don't skip the |x gonzo ender above! Otherwise % you never return to PostScript and never print the last page... showpage